The invention discloses a mould-proof and anti-corrosion treatment device and method for wooden furniture materials. The mould-proof and anti-corrosion treatment device comprises a worktable, whereina supporting rod is connected to the top of the worktable, a longitudinal moving assembly is arranged at the top end of the supporting rod, a transverse moving assembly is connected to the longitudinal moving assembly, a first electric telescopic rod is connected to the transverse moving assembly, a paint box is connected to the first electric telescopic rod, a painting head is connected to the bottom of the paint box, an even-coating assembly is connected to the bottom of the paint box, a fixing assembly is arranged at the top of the worktable, and an odor absorption assembly is arranged on the rear side of the worktable. The paint box and the painting head are driven by the longitudinal moving assembly to move longitudinally, the paint box and the painting head are driven by the transverse moving assembly to move transversely, the overall painting of the furniture materials can be achieved, the painting efficiency is high, during painting, the paint on the furniture materials is evenly coated by the even-coating assembly, the painting effect is good, meanwhile the generated paint odor is adsorbed by the odor absorption assembly, and the influence of the paint odor on the health of the staff is avoided.