The invention relates to the fields of deep learning, natural language processing and the like, and particularly relates to a syntactic relationship enhanced machine reading understanding multi-hop reasoning model and method. The model comprises a text coding module, an association element relationship graph construction module, a multi-hop reasoning module, an answer generation module and an answer prediction module. According to the invention, syntactic relationships are fused into the graph construction process, an associated element relationship graph is constructed, multi-hop reasoning iscarried out by utilizing a graph attention network based on the relationship graph, and answer support sentences are mined; meanwhile, a multi-head self-attention mechanism is introduced to further mine text clues of viewpoint type questions in the article, and an automatic solution method of the viewpoint type questions is improved; and finally, a plurality of tasks are subjected to joint optimization learning, so that when the model answers the questions, fact description for supporting the answers can be given, the interpretability of the model is improved, and meanwhile, the existing answering method for viewpoint type questions is improved.