41results about "Galvano-magnetic amplifiers" patented technology

A chopper-stabilized amplifier has switching networks arranged to support a high frequency clocking signal and to provide a high common mode rejection and a high rejection of an offset component of an input signal. A magnetic field sensor includes a Hall effect element coupled to a modulation circuit. The modulation circuit provides a signal to the chopper-stabilized amplifier. The chopper-stabilized amplifier provides an output signal to a low pass filter, which provides an output signal from the magnetic field sensor.

A magneto-resistive device has a high reproducing output and is suitable for use as a CPP-GMR device. The magneto-resistive device has a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and a non-magnetic spacer formed between the first and second magnetic layers. The first magnetic layer contains a magnetic material whose conduction electrons belong to a first energy band, and the second magnetic layer contains a magnetic material whose conduction electrons belong to a second energy band. The first and second energy bands are attributable to orbitals of the same kind, thereby increasing the ratio of change in magnetoresistance and adjusting the electric resistance.

The layer system having an increased magnetoresistive effect contains at least one soft magnetic detection layer, a non-magnetic decoupling layer, which rests on the detection layer, and a layer partial system, which is located at a distance due to the decoupling layer, forms an artificial antiferromagnet, and which is decoupled from the detection layer. This partial system comprises a first ferromagnetic and a second ferromagnetic layer. The first ferromagnetic layer should be antiferromagnetically coupled (K2) to the second ferromagnetic layer via a non-magnetic coupling layer. In addition, the side of the first ferromagnetic layer facing away from the coupling layer should be provided with an antiferromagnetic additional layer and be exchange-coupled (K3) thereto and, in addition, should have a material composition that differs from the second ferromagnetic layer.

A Josephson-coupled resonator amplifier is provided. The Josephson-coupled resonator amplifier includes a first and a second resonator, each formed from respective lumped-element capacitance and respective lumped-element inductance. The Josephson-coupled resonator amplifier further includes one or more Josephson junctions coupling the first resonator to the second resonator, whereby a superconducting loop is formed from at least the lumped-element inductance of the resonators and the one or more Josephson junctions.

Transceiver components for a transmission line are described. A driver includes a first network of thin-film elements exhibiting giant magnetoresistance, and a first input conductor inductively coupled to at least one of the thin-film elements in the first network. At least one dimension of each thin-film element in the first network is configured with reference to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line. A receiver includes a second network of thin-film elements exhibiting giant magnetoresistance, and a second input conductor inductively coupled to at least one of the thin-film elements in the second network. A termination impedance in series with the second input conductor has a value relating to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line.

The modular measuring drive system can include a housing having a cavity and being sized and shaped to fit within a disk drive bay of a computer and a measuring device, disposed within the cavity of the housing, for providing a measurement value to the computer. The modular measuring drive system can also include a conduit having a first end, which provides an opening for fluid to pass, and a second end coupled to the measuring device, a data port coupled to the measuring device and configured to be coupled to the computer and a power supply port, coupled to the measuring device, capable of receiving power from a power supply.

A system and method for employing variable magnetic flux bias in an amplifier. The amplifier system comprises an output transformer and a magnetic sensor configured to sense a first magnetic flux of the output transformer. The magnetic sensor generates a flux signal responsive to the first magnetic flux. Control circuitry is configured to receive the flux signal and to generate a control signal responsive to the flux signal. A winding is configured to receive the control signal and to induce a second magnetic flux within the output transformer responsive to the control signal, the second magnetic flux having opposite polarity to the first magnetic flux. The second magnetic flux may maintain a non-zero quiescent magnetic bias level within the output transformer, or may substantially cancel or null the DC and low-frequency subsonic components of the first magnetic flux.

A system and method for employing variable magnetic flux bias in an amplifier. The amplifier system comprises an output transformer and a magnetic sensor configured to sense a first magnetic flux of the output transformer. The magnetic sensor generates a flux signal responsive to the first magnetic flux. Control circuitry is configured to receive the flux signal and to generate a control signal responsive to the flux signal. A winding is configured to receive the control signal and to induce a second magnetic flux within the output transformer responsive to the control signal, the second magnetic flux having opposite polarity to the first magnetic flux. The second magnetic flux may maintain a non-zero quiescent magnetic bias level within the output transformer, or may substantially cancel or null the DC and low-frequency subsonic components of the first magnetic flux.

A circuit has a magnetic device to produce a pre-distorted signal from a sinusoidal input signal. The magnetic device has physical attributes selected to produce characteristics of the pre-distorted signal. A power amplifier is coupled to the magnetic device. The power amplifier processes the pre-distorted signal to produce an output signal with reduced nonlinear behavior associated with the power amplifier.

Disclosed herein are an offset compensation apparatus for a magnetic detection circuit, and a method thereof. The offset compensation apparatus includes: an amplifying unit amplifying an output voltage, and outputting the amplified voltages; an offset detection unit detecting an offset; a comparison unit determining whether or not the offset output from the offset detection unit is greater than a pre-set positive reference value or smaller than a pre-set negative reference value; a counter unit; and a current supply.

An amplifier system with feedback current cancellation comprises an amplifier with an input, an output, and at least one stage. A feedback network communicates with the input and output of the amplifier. A feedback current cancellation module that provides a first current at the input of the amplifier that substantially cancels a second current provided at the input of the amplifier by the feedback network.

A high temperature magnetic amplifier, which utilizes the nonlinear properties of square loop magnetic cores to achieve very large amounts of both voltage and power amplification. By combining square loop, grain-oriented magnetic materials with high temperatures along with high temperature packaging approaches, high temperature long lifetime components can be produced. The high temperature magnetic amplifier is used as a building block to develop high temperature versions of operational amplifiers, comparators, voltage regulators, timers, counters, modulators, motor starters, servo systems, converters, inverters, power switches and many other devices.

Two bridge type transducers are coupled in series with their outputs each driving one of a pair of differential amplifiers, with the outputs tied together in a push-pull configuration. In further embodiments, push-pull operation is obtained by matching amplifier gain components and using current mirrors. Lower voltage operation may be achieved by simple diode level shifting of the transducer outputs. In one embodiment, the transducers comprise Hall effect sensors.

An apparatus includes a circuit and a field line. The circuit includes a magnetic tunnel junction including a storage layer and a sense layer. The field line is configured to generate a magnetic field based on an input signal, where the magnetic tunnel junction is configured such that a magnetization direction of the sense layer and a resistance of the magnetic tunnel junction vary based on the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to amplify the input signal to generate an output signal that varies in response to the resistance of the magnetic tunnel junction.

A chopper-stabilized amplifier has switching networks arranged to support a high frequency clocking signal and to provide a high common mode rejection and a high rejection of an offset component of an input signal. A magnetic field sensor includes a Hall effect element coupled to a modulation circuit. The modulation circuit provides a signal to the chopper-stabilized amplifier. The chopper-stabilized amplifier provides an output signal to a low pass filter, which provides an output signal from the magnetic field sensor.

A magnetic logic unit (MLU) cell includes a first and second magnetic tunnel junction, each including a first magnetic layer having a first magnetization, a second magnetic layer having a second magnetization, and a barrier layer; and a field line for passing a field current such as to generate an external magnetic field adapted to adjust the first magnetization. The first and second magnetic layers and the barrier layer are arranged such that the first magnetization is magnetically coupled antiparallel with the second magnetization through the barrier layer. The MLU cell also includes a biasing device arranged for applying a static biasing magnetic field oriented substantially parallel to the external magnetic field such as to orient the first magnetization at about 90° relative to the second magnetization, the first and second magnetizations being oriented symmetrically relative to the direction of the external magnetic field.

A driving circuit includes a power supply, an input capacitor, a Hall sensor, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a full-bridge driver circuit, and a first operational amplifier. The input capacitor is coupled to the power supply. The input end of the first amplifier and the second amplifier is coupled to the output end of the Hall sensor. The control end of the full-bridge driver circuit is coupled to the output end of the first amplifier and the output end of the second amplifier. The first operational amplifier includes a first input end for receiving a first reference voltage and a second input end coupled to the first output end of the full-bridge driver circuit.

An apparatus includes a circuit and a field line. The circuit includes a magnetic tunnel junction including a storage layer and a sense layer. The field line is configured to generate a magnetic field based on an input signal, where the magnetic tunnel junction is configured such that a magnetization direction of the sense layer and a resistance of the magnetic tunnel junction vary based on the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to amplify the input signal to generate an output signal that varies in response to the resistance of the magnetic tunnel junction.

The modular measuring drive system can include a housing having a cavity and being sized and shaped to fit within a disk drive bay of a computer and a measuring device, disposed within the cavity of the housing, for providing a measurement value to the computer. The modular measuring drive system can also include a conduit having a first end, which provides an opening for fluid to pass, and a second end coupled to the measuring device, a data port coupled to the measuring device and configured to be coupled to the computer and a power supply port, coupled to the measuring device, capable of receiving power from a power supply.

Disclosed herein are an offset compensation apparatus for a magnetic detection circuit, and a method thereof. The offset compensation apparatus includes: an amplifying unit amplifying an output voltage, and outputting the amplified voltages; an offset detection unit detecting an offset; a comparison unit determining whether or not the offset output from the offset detection unit is greater than a pre-set positive reference value or smaller than a pre-set negative reference value; a counter unit; and a current supply.

Two bridge type transducers are coupled in series with their outputs each driving one of a pair of differential amplifiers, with the outputs tied together in a push-pull configuration. In further embodiments, push-pull operation is obtained by matching amplifier gain components and using current mirrors. Lower voltage operation may be achieved by simple diode level shifting of the transducer outputs. In one embodiment, the transducers comprise Hall effect sensors.

A current amplifying element that operates at a higher speed than conventional semiconductor devices is provided. An input current flows through an input current path 60 in a direction X, and a magnetic field generated from a magnet 90 is applied in a direction Z which is perpendicular to the direction X. An output current path 70 is formed under the input current path 60 with an insulator 80 interposed therebetween. Since the direction in which an output current flows is perpendicular to both the input current and the magnetic field, the current is amplified by the galvanomagnetic effects produced by the input current and the magnetic field.

The invention relates to a dynamic ripple elimination circuit for a linear Hall signal amplifier, and belongs to the technical field of circuits. The dynamic ripple elimination circuit for the linear Hall signal amplifier comprises a ripple extraction network, a fully differential integrator, a chopper and a disappearance tone buffer which are connected in sequence, and the ripple extraction network extracts ripple signals in output signals of the amplifier; and through integration, chopping and buffering, a compensation signal for eliminating ripples is generated and injected into a main loop of the amplifier, and the ripples in an output signal of the linear Hall signal amplifier are eliminated. Therefore, a low-pass filter does not need to be adopted at the rear stage, adverse effects on the bandwidth are avoided, and the circuit is simple in structure and quite wide in application range.

A magnetic logic unit (MLU) cell includes a first magnetic tunnel junction and a second magnetic tunnel junction, each magnetic tunnel junction including a first magnetic layer having a first magnetization, a second magnetic layer having a second magnetization, and a tunnel barrier layer between the first and second layer. A field line for passing a field current such as to generate an external magnetic field is adapted to switch the first magnetization. The first magnetic layer is arranged such that the magnetic tunnel junction magnetization varies linearly with the generated external magnetic field. An MLU amplifier includes a plurality of the MLU cells. The MLU amplifier has large gains, extended cut off frequencies and improved linearity.

A magnetoresistance effect device includes a magnetoresistance effect element including a magnetization fixed layer, a magnetization free layer of which a direction of magnetization is changeable relative to a direction of magnetization of the fixed layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the fixed and free layers, a first signal line configured to generate a high frequency magnetic field when a high frequency current flows and apply the field to the magnetization free layer, and a DC application terminal configured to be capable of connecting a power supply for applying a DC current or voltage in a stacking direction of the element, and the element is disposed with respect to the terminal so the DC current flows from the fixed layer to the free layer in the element or so the DC voltage at which the magnetization fixed layer is higher in potential than the magnetization free layer is applied.

A magnetic device configured to perform an analog adder circuit function and including a plurality of magnetic units. Each magnetic unit includes n magnetic tunnel junctions electrically connected in series via a current line. Each magnetic tunnel junction includes a storage magnetic layer having a storage magnetization, a sense magnetic layer having a sense magnetization, and a tunnel barrier layer. Each magnetic unit also includes n input lines, each being configured to generate a magnetic field adapted for varying a direction of the sense magnetization and a resistance of the n magnetic tunnel junctions, based on an input. Each of the n magnetic units is configured to add said n inputs to generate an output signal that varies in response to the n resistances.

A magnetic logic unit (MLU) cell includes a first and second magnetic tunnel junction, each including a first magnetic layer having a first magnetization, a second magnetic layer having a second magnetization, and a barrier layer; and a field line for passing a field current such as to generate an external magnetic field adapted to adjust the first magnetization. The first and second magnetic layers and the barrier layer are arranged such that the first magnetization is magnetically coupled antiparallel with the second magnetization through the barrier layer. The MLU cell also includes a biasing device arranged for applying a static biasing magnetic field oriented substantially parallel to the external magnetic field such as to orient the first magnetization at about 90° relative to the second magnetization, the first and second magnetizations being oriented symmetrically relative to the direction of the external magnetic field.

An inductor device is disclosed that includes a first curved metal plate, a second curved metal plate below the first curved metal plate and substantially vertically aligned with the first curved metal plate, and Vertically aligned first elongated vias between the second curved metal plates, the first elongated vias being configured to conductively couple the first curved metal plate to the second curved metal plate and having a first elongated via of at least about 2 to 1 An aspect ratio of the width to height of an elongated via.