The invention discloses an intelligent air pollution monitoring device and system. The intelligent air pollution monitoring device comprises a monitoring part and a bottom adjusting part, wherein themonitoring part comprises a cylindrical shell, an upper cover, an upright rod, an indicator lamp, an installation plate, an elastic assembly, a controller, a PM2.5 sensor, a PM10 sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a carbonic oxide sensor, a formaldehyde sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a TVOC sensor and an oxygen sensor; the bottom adjusting part comprises a cylindrical hollow base,a bottom cover, a motor, three threaded rods, three outer sleeves, a connecting rod, a driving gear, three driven gears, three fixing lugs and three bolts. The intelligent air pollution monitoring device is reasonable in design, long in service life, convenient to use and assemble, comprehensive in detection function and high in detection sensitivity, the device is designed for a chemical plant, the current market vacancy is filled in, safe production of the chemical plant can be effectively ensured, and the device is suitable for being used in chemical plant workshops of different heights.