The invention discloses a dynamic authentication method and system based on a mobile terminal. The dynamic authentication method based on the mobile terminal comprises the steps of: S100, acquiring to-be-authenticated reference information of a subordinate mobile terminal in a database in a preset time limit, and storing the database in a server; S200, carrying out safety detection on the to-be-authenticated reference information of the subordinate mobile terminal in the database; S300, according to result information obtained after carrying out safety detection on the to-be-authenticated reference information in the step S200, setting a corresponding dynamic authentication strategy; and S400, according to the dynamic authentication strategy set in the step S300, carrying out corresponding authentication when a user logs in. In the invention, according to detection on a safety state of the mobile terminal, when the safety state is good, a low-level authentication strategy is used, and when the safety state is poor, authentication strength is automatically strengthened; and user experience is more intelligent, and authentication strength is more reasonable and safer.