A launcher and satellite connection-separation apparatus comprising a band (11) with an inner channel in which a plurality of clamps (13) are located in a sliding manner, which clamps are applied on the rings (15, 17) making up the joining interface between both vehicles, means (19) for radially tightening the band (11)-clamps (13) assembly and a union-separation device (41, 61, 71) of the ends (7, 9) thereof including, together with locking (47) and unlocking (48) means, a mechanism allowing a controlled opening of the band (11) in two phases: in the first phase its ends (7, 9) shift keeping in contact with the rings (15, 17), the elastic energy corresponding to the tightening of the band (11) being dissipated by friction; in the second phase the band (11) separates from the rings (15, 17) until reaching its parking position.