The invention discloses a photovoltaic, heat storage and photo-thermal combined solar power generation system and method. The system comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, wherein a liquid cooler of the solar photovoltaic panel is connected with a solar heat collector, the solar heat collector is connected with a valve b, the valve b is connected with an energy storage system, the energy storage system is connected with a valve c, the valve c is connected with a liquid storage device, an outlet of the liquid storage device is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of the valve a, an outlet of the valve a is connected with an inlet of the liquid cooler of the solar photovoltaic panel, the other path is connected with an inlet of a valve d, an outlet of the valve d is connected with the energy storage system, the energy storage system is connected with an inlet of a valve e, an outlet of the valve e is connected with an inlet of a free piston linear generator, an outlet of the free piston linear generator is connected with an inlet of a condenser, and an outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the liquid storage device after meeting with an outlet ofthe valve c. According to the system, the efficiency of the solar photovoltaic panel is improved, and continuous power generation can be realized.