The invention discloses an automobile cooperative type self-adaptive cruise control system with the learning ability. The automobile cooperative type self-adaptive cruise control system comprises a training set and testing set generating module, a training set supplementing module, a training module, a learning algorithm module, an automobile travelling state set module, an automobile control motion set module, an inter-automobile safe distance module, an evaluating module, a feedback value R calculating module, a Q weight updating module, an automobile control motion selecting module and an automobile control motion executing module. The automobile cooperative type self-adaptive cruise control system and method with the learning ability are built and can be used for the one-lane or one-way automobile travelling environment. According to the automobile cooperative type self-adaptive cruise control system and method with the learning ability, each automobile is an intelligent agent, travelling conditions of other automobiles in the travelling environment are sensed through communication, and certainly the sensed environment is a part of the automobile travelling environment due to limitations of communication ranges, data volume, communication channels and the like.