The invention discloses a heart rate variability analyzing method based on an amplitude spectrum and instruments. The method comprises the following steps that a human body autonomic nervous function monitor is installed, after amplification, filtering and analog-digital conversion are carried out on electrocardio signals collected by an electrocardio electrode slice, an RR interval time sequence is built, the QRS waveform of the electrocardio signals has the features of large amplitude, short time limit, steep waveform and easy recognition, the key for obtaining HRV signals is that the R wave of an electrocardiogram is accurately calibrated, and according to the morphological characteristic of an R wave picture, the wave crest of the R wave is the maximum positive value in a single signal period; the instruments included in the method comprise a preamplifier module used for amplifying the electrocardio signals, a filter module, an A/D conversion module, an R crest positioning module, a signal pseudo crest pseudo differential eliminating module, an RR sequence forming module, an interpolation module and a display module which are sequentially connected, the preamplifier module is connected with the electrocardio electrode slice through a guide line, and the electrode slice is arranged on the surface of the human body skin and used for collecting the electrocardio signals of the human body.