The invention discloses a low-illumination target detection method based on class consistency screening and generative completion. The method comprises the steps of 1, performing
feature extraction on a low-illumination input image, and outputting classification, positioning and centrality results; 2, class consistency screening is executed according to the instance-level basic features, and high-quality representative instance samples are obtained; step 3, constructing a category orthogonal space by using the instance sample and a vision-
language model to form enhanced category-level semantic features; 4, generating corresponding phantom features based on the
memory bank, and providing the phantom features and the instance samples to the step 5 for use; 5, multi-layer domain alignment is executed at the image level, the instance level and the category level, and unified optimization is completed; and 6, performing open set rejection judgment on the low-confidence and low-affinity targets in a reasoning stage, and outputting a final detection result. According to the method, three key problems of high-quality
instance selection, cross-domain category discrimination enhancement and missing category completion are cooperatively solved on the premise of not depending on target domain labeling and not increasing the overhead of a reasoning stage.