The invention discloses a high-speed centrifugal compressor based on gas suspension. The high-speed centrifugal compressor based on gas suspension comprises a shell unit, an impeller unit and a transmission unit, wherein the shell unit is used for protecting an internal structure of a compressor body, the impeller unit comprises an impeller and an impeller housing, the impeller can be driven to rotate by a rotary shaft, a shaft of the transmission unit is fixedly installed on the impeller, and electric current is applied to a stator winding to drive the shaft to rotate. The transmission unit comprises a tilting bush radial bearing and a tilting bush thrust bearing. The tilting bush radial bearing comprises a PZT, a straight beam, a flexible web and a tilting bush. Voltage is applied to thePZT to make the tilting bush generate high-frequency vibration, and gas film is formed between the tilting bush radial bearing and the shaft, and between the tilting bush thrust bearing and the a thrust plate to provide supporting. The compressor body is lubricated by air without supplied oil for lubrication, and the conversion efficiency of equipment is high; the bearings make no direct contactwith the shaft, the service life of a product is long, and repeated starting and stop can be achieved; a system can be kept running at a high speed stably by controlling voltage; and no supply of static pressure external gas is needed, and the compressor can be used in a device which moves at any time.