The invention provides a wafer storage library and a transfer system. The storage library comprises two sets of lifting mechanisms; the rails are arranged between the two sets of lifting mechanisms, the rails are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the two ends of each rail are connected with the two sets of lifting mechanisms respectively, and storing and taking mechanisms are arranged on the rails; the storage racks are arranged on the two sides of the rails, the two storage racks are each provided with a plurality of layers of storage stations, the storage stations are used for storing wafers, and the rails correspond to the storage stations in a one-to-one mode. The lifting mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the storage frame to transfer the wafers, the transfer efficiency of the wafers is guaranteed, the rails corresponding to the multiple layers of storage stations one to one are arranged, and the storage and taking mechanisms used for storing and taking the wafers are arranged on the rails, so that the storage and taking efficiency of the wafers is guaranteed.