A smart mobile detection platform for a greenhouse comprises a frame, a front suspension assembly, a rear suspension assembly, a power assembly and a drive assembly for driving a mobile platform to move, a steering system for controlling the mobile platform to steer, an automatic-cruising pose-detection sensor module needed for automatic mobile platform cruising, a greenhouse environment and crop detection image sensor module (29), a signal collection module (30) for collecting a sensor signal, a central control system for controlling the mobile platform to move, an information transmission module, and a power module for supplying power to the whole mobile platform. By means of a central control system, a mobile platform completes automatic inspection of the greenhouse environment and crop growth information, and an automatic charging device provides supplemental electric energy to the mobile platform, thereby improving detection efficiency and accuracy.