The invention discloses a power distribution/utilization data retrieval method and system. The method comprises: carrying out dividing of a plurality of data storage nodes in a distributed database ora file system, and storing power distribution/utilization data in the data storage nodes corresponding thereto; establishing and managing index fragmentation files, which correspond to the data storage nodes and the power distribution/utilization data, by an index cluster system through a distributed index establishment mode; and retrieving power distribution/utilization data stored in a data storage node by a query cluster system on the basis of the index fragmentation files through a distributed retrieval mode, and providing a retrieval result. The power distribution/utilization data retrieval method and system of the invention can solve the index problem of massive data, have the characteristics of high throughput, high expansibility, high concurrency, high fault tolerance and the like, are suitable for concurrent accessing to a super large data set, reduce loads of a retrieval main-node, and can improve availability of query services, increase response speed of services, and improve query experience of a user.