The invention relates to a driver fatigue driving real-time detection method and system based on deep learning, and the method comprises the steps: S1, collecting a real-time image of a cab, and obtaining a face image through a neural network; sS, normalizing the face image to obtain a face input feature map, and inputting the face input feature map into a face key point detection deep neural network to obtain face key points; S3, selecting a part of face key points to be matched with 3D standard face key points, and identifying nodding and non-front-looking behaviors; S4, extracting an eye region according to the face key points, detecting the opening and closing state of eyes, and calculating the eye fatigue state; S5, calculating the mouth opening and closing degree according to the mouth key points, and recognizing yawning behaviors; and S6, calculating the fatigue value of the driver according to the steps S3, S4 and S5. Rich face feature information can be recognized, different behavior features of the head, the eyes and the mouth are detected respectively, multiple fatigue behaviors are detected, and the reliability and practicability of the method are improved.