The invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted method for degreasing and extracting potentilla anserina polysaccharide. The method comprises: taking potentilla anserine as a raw material, adding petroleum ether, degreasing by employing different temperature for refluxing, after a solvent is volatilized, using ethanol for normal-temperature immersing and washing, adding distilled water, transferring to ultrasonic extraction equipment, performing ultrasonic extraction filtration, collecting the water extraction liquid, adding water into the filter residue and performing ultrasonic extraction for two times, merging the water extraction liquids, performing rotary evaporation condenstation, then adding a papain solution for enzymolysis, centrifuging and getting the supernatant, performing pumping filtration by using a micro pumping filtration instrument to further remove relatively fine filter residue, concentrating the collected filtrate, then using a mixed solution of n-butanol and chloroform to perform extraction for 3-5 times, collecting the upper-layer water phase, adding ethanol into the water phase, standing, centrifuging to collect precipitate, and performing freeze drying to obtain purified potentilla anserina polysaccharide.