The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating chronic renal insufficiency. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 15g of herba epimedii, 20g of fructus lycii, 10g of roasted rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, 15g of rhizoma smilacis glabrae, 20g of radix cynanchi paniculati, 20g of raw rhubarb, 10g of pericarpium citri reticulatae, 10g of caulis bambusae in taeniam, 15g of semen plantaginis, 15g of herba leonuri and 9g of radix aconiti lateralis preparata. The traditional Chinese medicine solves the problems that the existing western medicine has no special treatment means for chronic renal insufficiency and is limited to the dilemma of symptomatic support treatment, and is suitable for treating chronic renal insufficiency; and through years of clinical application, the traditional Chinese medicine can quantify urine protein of a patient within 24 hours, reduce the serum creatinine level, increase the endogenous creatinine clearance rate, the erythrocyte count and the hemoglobin level, significantly protect the renal function, reduce the anemia degree of the patient, significantly improve the clinical symptomsof the patient and improve the life quality of the patient.