The invention relates to the technical field of information security, in particular to a broadcast type automatic correlation monitoring system (ADS-B) message authentication scheme based on certificateless short signatures. Aiming at potential safety hazards of ADS-B, by utilizing the characteristics of low bandwidth and less available data bits, the invention provides the ADS-B message authentication method based on the certificateless short signature. Compared with the current similar methods, the signature length is reduced by 3/4, the overall performance is improved to a certain extent, and the signature periodical performance is improved by nearly 1 time. In addition, the method does not need to manage certificates, eliminates the problem of secret key hosting, and greatly reduces the burden of the system ADS-B. And the availability and the overall safety of the system are enhanced. In order to further analyze the performance of the authentication method, NS2 is used to simulatethe ADS-B network, and the result shows that on the premise of guaranteeing ADS-B data integrity, identity authentication and non-repudiation, the influence on the network is very small, and the minimum operation function standard specification of 1090ES is met.