The invention relates to a b ridge seismic analyzing method based on seismic risk assessment, a spectral acceleration Sa in a ground motion intensity index is mainly adopted, Pup (Imi) is guided to be a seismic damage probability when the intensity of a bridge structure is IM, [delta][lambda] H,i a is seismic risk contribution parameter under seismic fortification levels, the Pup (Imi) and the [delta][lambda] H,I are utilized to calculate a seismic risk value [lambda] UP of a bridge structure, and anti-seismic property of the bridge structure is assessed. According to the invention, seismic risk values of dangerous components of the bridge are solved through the method provided by the invention, according to structural risk assessment relevant regulation, the anti-seismic properties of components of the bridge are researched, comparative study can be performed on seismic risk values of the components under different bridge seismic mitigation and isolation measures, and feasibility and applicability of different bridge seismic mitigation and isolation measures are assessed.