119results about "Element presence detection by oxidation" patented technology

An oxidation reactor includes a reactor body, a manhole nozzle projecting from the reactor body, and a partition plate separating an inside of the manhole nozzle and an inside of the reactor body from each other. In an oxidation reactor including the reactor body and a nozzle projecting from the reactor body, there is provided a means for feeding an inert gas into the nozzle. In a process for producing (meth)acrylic acids by subjecting propane, propylene or isobutylene to catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction in an oxidation reactor for producing (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid, the above oxidation reactor is used as the oxidation reactor. In a method for analyzing an easily-polymerizable compound by introducing a gas containing the easily-polymerizable compound into an analyzing apparatus through a sampling tube, a double tube is used as the sampling tube, and a heating medium is fed into an outer tube of the double tube. According to these methods, the oxidation reaction can be stably conducted, and the reaction product gas can be prevented from being condensed and polymerized in the sampling tube, so that an on-line analysis can be performed at a high accuracy for a long period of time.

Total organic carbon in an aqueous or gaseous sample is measured by admitting the sample and an oxidant gas to a cell transparent to plasma, establishing a relatively low energy plasma in the cell, and measuring the CO.sub.2 thus produced using FTIR, NDIR, or conductivity-based techniques.

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for determination of the total concentration of organic carbon compounds in aqueous process streams utilizing a pulsed-flow technique for irradiating a water sample in a chamber (3) with UV or similar wavelength radiation.

A method and system for performing low level sulfur UV fluorescence measures including an UV interference reduction system which removes or destroys interfering nitrogen oxides. The preferred nitrogen removal systems include introducing ozone into the system in sufficient quantities to destroy any produce NO and optionally a nitrogen sparge or similar nitrogen gas removal system.

A sensor element of a gas sensor, which is used for determining the concentration of ammonia and, optionally, at least one further component of a gas mixture, in particular in exhaust gases of combustion engines. The sensor element includes at least one first auxiliary electrode and at least one measuring electrode positioned downstream in the flow direction of the gas mixture, which are in direct contact with the gas mixture, a signal generated by the measuring electrode being used at least intermittently for determining the concentration of ammonia. A potential, at which ammonia contained in the gas mixture is oxidized, is applied at least intermittently to the first auxiliary electrode or the measuring electrode.

The present invention provides methods and means for determining parent inbred plant lines with good combining ability, for determining good combinations of parent inbred plant lines capable of yielding hybrid lines with high heterosis, and further for determining the agronomical performance of different plant lines, which can be performed in vitro by determining the electron flow in the mitochondria under control and stress conditions.

An improved method for the analysis of arsenic in an aqueous sample, is disclosed. In accordance with the inventive method, arsenic is reduced to arsine gas in an acidic aqueous reaction environment and in the presence of an effective amount of an agent for increasing the rate of arsine gas production. Beneficially, metal cations are used as rate-increasing agents.

The invention discloses a high-precision water quality online automatic monitor, which comprises a quantifying system, a sampling system, a reaction system and a control system; the quantifying systemcomprises a measuring glass tube, and the upper part of the measuring glass tube is provided with an ultrasound wave sensor; the sampling system comprises a peristaltic pump and an eight-way valve which are connected through a pipeline; the reaction system comprises a digestion device and a light emitting and receiving device, the digestion device comprises a digestion pipe and a PT100 sensor; both ends of the digestion pipe are provided with electromagnetic valves, and the electromagnetic valves are connected with the digestion pipe; the light emitting and receiving device comprises a lightemitter and a light receiver which are arranged at both sides of the digestion pipe; the control system comprises a single chip, a memory and a display module. Compared with the prior art, the fluid in the measuring glass pipe and the rest fluid content in the reagent bottle can be exactly measured through the ultrasound wave sensor and a distributed film pressure sensor; the high-precision waterquality online automatic monitor has the advantages of being strong in multifunctional expanding property, high in sensitivity and low in cost.

A method and system for performing low level sulfur UV fluorescence measures including an UV interference reduction system which removes or destroys interfering nitrogen oxides. The preferred nitrogen removal systems include introducing ozone into the system in sufficient quantities to destroy any produce NO and optionally a nitrogen sparge or similar nitrogen gas removal system.

There is provided a nitrogen compound analyzer capable of easily and accurately measuring the two components NH3 and NO2 or each nitrogen compound component in a single sample. The nitrogen compound analyzer includes: a plurality of sample treatment systems by which a single sample is divided and which includes (A) a treatment system having oxidation means for oxidizing ammonia in the sample and conversion means for converting nitrogen dioxide in the sample to nitrogen monoxide, (B) a treatment system having conversion means for converting nitrogen dioxide in the sample to nitrogen monoxide, and (C) a treatment system in which no conversion treatment is performed on a specific component in the sample; changeover means capable of providing a specific combination of any of the treatment systems (A), (B) and (C); and at least one measurement means for continuously measuring nitrogen monoxide in the sample.

The invention provides methods and apparatuses for oxidizing phosphonate in an aqueous solution, for determining the concentration of phosphonate present in an aqueous solution, and for controlling the concentration of phosphonate present in an aqueous solution. Optionally, one or more computers are used to automate the methods.

The present invention provides a method for measuring total organic carbon content by removing the influence of nitrogen components. This method obtains the total organic carbon content through the following process, namely: (1) adjusting the hydrogen ion concentration of the sample water to the range of pH 4 to 6, (2) oxidizing and decomposing the organic matter contained in the sample water to carbon dioxide, Nitrogen compounds are oxidatively decomposed into nitrous acid, (3) carbon dioxide is allowed to permeate into the measurement water through the gas permeable part (5a), and (4) the electrical conductivity of the measurement water is measured.

An automated analyser is described for determining, by way of combustion, nitrogen contained in organic compounds, in particular proteins present in foods, animal feeds, polymers, fuels etc., characterised in that the carbon dioxide absorption device upstream of the nitrogen detector is self-regenerating and comprises: a distributor valve able to switch different gas circuits without contaminations and losses from one gas sample to another, a carousel consisting of a plurality of absorber elements inside which is placed an adsorbent material, a furnace suitable for said adsorbers, in such a manner that each of said adsorbers presents itself in turn for each analysis and that on completion of said analysis the same adsorber is conveyed to the furnace for degassing of the absorbent material and thus for its relative regeneration.

A device for measuring total organic carbon includes an organic substance oxidative decomposition section (4) for converting organic carbon contained in sample water into carbon dioxide, a carbon dioxide extraction section (6) for extracting carbon dioxide generated in the organic substance oxidative decomposition section (4) into measurement water, and a detection section for measuring the conductivity of the measurement water discharged from the carbon dioxide extraction section (6) to determine the amount of the extracted carbon dioxide. A syringe pump (12) is provided downstream of the detection section (11) in a measurement flow path (16) through which measurement water flows to pass through the carbon dioxide extraction section 6 and the detection section (11). The flow rate of measurement water during measurement of conductivity in the detection section (12) is controlled by suction into the syringe pump.

A chemical indicator device for use in detecting exposure to an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, comprising a substrate or support upon which is disposed a chemical indicator composition (ink) for detecting an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide. The chemical indicator composition further comprises an indicator dye that achieves a distinct range of different color changes with clear transitions between colors, upon exposure to different doses of the oxidizing agent, thus allowing for both a qualitative and semi-quantitative assessment of exposure to the agent.

The present invention provides a solid-state light source photolytic NO2 converter (100) including a reaction chamber (102) made of a reflective material (116) with diffuse reflective properties, whereby the reaction chamber includes a low volume gas cell (102) wherein the gas sample residence time is less than 5 seconds is provided. The NO2 in the air sample is exposed to ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths less than 420 nm, whereby the NO2 is converted to NO. The NO is subsequently measured using an NO analyzer. The solid-state light source includes diode lasers (202) and LED's (122, 132) that emit UV wavelength in the range of 350 - 420 nm. The use of a narrow wavelength range afforded by the solid-state light source results in an interference-free conversion of NO2 to NO at high efficiency.

The invention discloses a method for measuring a reaction rate constant of a typical organic matter in UV / H2O2 degradable water. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out a static experiment by adopting a complete UV / H2O2 advanced oxidation device; (2) taking the complete UV / H2O2 advanced oxidation device as a static experiment device; (3) measuring a first-order reaction kinetic constant of UV / H2O2 degradable UV254 in actual water; (4) measuring a second-order reaction kinetic constant of degradable UV254 in the actual water; (5) establishing a competitive kinetic model; (6) measuring first-order reaction kinetic constants rUV and r of the UV254 and a typical organic matter C in the actual water; and (7) measuring a second-order reaction kinetic constant of the typical organic matter. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the influences of NOM, inorganic ions and the like in the actual water on degradation rates of typical trace organic substances are quantified, and a theoretical support and a process parameter design basis are provided for actual application of a UV / H2O2 advanced oxidation process.

A method and apparatus for combustion analysing a sample in a combustion analyzer (120,160,180), where the sample comprises a proportion of sulphur. The sample is supplied to the combustion analyzer and combusted to produce combustion products, comprising a yield of sulphur dioxide for detection. Nitrogen monoxide or a source of nitrogen monoxide is supplied to the combustion analyzer to improve the yield of sulphur dioxide in the combustion products. The yield improver may be supplied before and / or during the combusting step. A proportion of yield improver is preferably greater than the (expected) proportion of sulphur. Ozone may be supplied to the combustion products to convert at least a proportion of any nitrogen monoxide in the combustion products to nitrogen dioxide, before detection.

A method of determining the amount of nitrogen in a gas mixture. The constituent gases of the mixture are dissociated and transformed to create a substance that may measured using nondispersive infrared adsorption techniques.

A device for methane-free hydrocarbon measurement in combustion exhaust gases using the flame ionization technique. In order to refine the device, in such a way that optimum oxidation is possible even when the composition of the gas to be measured experiences fluctuations and, in addition, equipment outlay is minimized, extra oxygen and / or extra hydrogen is supplied to the gas to be measured before the oxidation catalysis.

The invention discloses a dynamic soft measuring method of 4-CBA content based on a convolutional neural network. The dynamic soft measuring method of the 4-CBA content based on the convolutional neural network is used for calculating the content of 4-CBA generated in the PTA oxidation process. The dynamic soft measuring method of the 4-CBA content based on the convolutional neural network comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing a mapping relation between an input and an output of a dynamic soft measurement model on the basis of the convolutional neural network, using a time sequence data block of a relevant measurable variable in the PTA oxidation process as the input of the dynamic soft measurement model and using the 4-CBA as the output of the dynamic soft measurement model; secondly, inputting the time sequence data block into the convolutional neural network in which convolutional layers and pooling layers are alternately distributed, wherein the layer numbers of theconvolutional layers and the pooling layers are both 2, the first layer of pooling adopts characteristics after convolution is extracted in a one-dimensional max-pooling manner, and the second layer of pooling adopts max-pooling equivalent to the sizes of characteristic graphs output by the convolutional layers to perform sampling; calculating the output of the last layer of pooling by using a linear function to obtain an output result; and comparing the result with 4-CBA analysis data and updating parameters. The dynamic soft measuring method of the 4-CBA content based on the convolutional neural network, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the dynamic soft measurement model is simple and easy to realization, and the measurement accuracy of the model is improved.

Disclosed is a method for the quantitative analysis of a metal element contained in a resin material, which permits quantitatively analyzing the harmful substance such as lead contained in a resin material, comprising decomposing the resin material within a container having at least the inner surface formed of a glassy carbon in the presence of an aqueous solution of an oxidizing acid, heating the organic residue of the decomposed resin material so as to convert the residue into an ash, and quantitatively measuring the metal element contained in the organic residue converted into the ash.

A method and apparatus for sulfate analysis in a sample are provided. A portion of the sulfate contained in the sample is converted to sulfur dioxide, and at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide can be determined. The amount of sulfur dioxide determined can be used to quantify the amount of sulfate in the sample.

Disclosed is a method for the quantitative analysis of a metal element contained in a resin material, which permits quantitatively analyzing the harmful substance such as lead contained in a resin material, comprising decomposing the resin material within a container having at least the inner surface formed of a glassy carbon in the presence of an aqueous solution of an oxidizing acid, heating the organic residue of the decomposed resin material so as to convert the residue into an ash, and quantitatively measuring the metal element contained in the organic residue converted into the ash.

The present invention relates generally to the generation of steam via the use of a combustion process to produce heat and, in one embodiment, to a device, system and / or method that enables one to control one or more process parameters of a combustion process so as to yield at least one desirable change in at least one downstream parameter. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a system and / or method for controlling at least one process parameter of a combustion process so as to yield at least one desirable change in at least one downstream process parameter associated with one or more of a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) unit, a particulate collection device and / or control of additives thereto and / or a nitrogen oxide control device and / or control of additives thereto and / or additives to the system.

Provided are a method for preparing a standard sample in which a uniform dispersion of a predetermined concentration of red phosphorus is guaranteed even in a very small amount, and an analytical method for quantitatively determining red phosphorus contained in a resin by pyrolysis-GC / MS, in which the standard sample is used. The method for producing a standard sample for quantitatively determining red phosphorus contained in a resin includes the steps of preparing a red-phosphorus-containing compound by weighing a predetermined amount of red phosphorus and uniformly mixing the red phosphorus in a resin; decreasing the number of particles having a maximum diameter of 5 μM or more to 1 / 20 or less of the number of particles having a maximum diameter of 1 μm or more and less than 5 μm by pulverizing the red-phosphorus-containing compound; and obtaining a standard sample by weighing about 0.05 to 10 mg, preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 mg of the pulverized red-phosphorus-containing compound. The analytical method is a method for quantitatively determining red phosphorus contained in a resin by pyrolysis-GC / MS, in which the standard sample is used.

A portable diesel fuel tester and a method of its use are provided. A sample of diesel fuel is placed in a sample tray of the tester. The diesel fuel is heated to a gas state and circulated to a SO2 sensor by an air pump. The SO2 sensor determines the level of sulfur in the diesel fuel based on the SO2 levels. The sulfur level is displayed on an LCD screen for viewing by the user.