The invention relates to a portable drilling machine capable of implementing wire-line core drilling, which comprises a base, a post, a mast, an inclined support, a sliding sleeve device, a back plate, a hydraulic power supply, a hydraulic power head, a winch, a pulley, a steel wire rope, an elevator, a Trojans gripper and a feed lifting device, wherein the post is fixed on the base; the sliding sleeve device is arranged on the post; the back plate is connected with the sliding sleeve device; the hydraulic power source is connected with the hydraulic power head by a hydraulic oil pipe; the hydraulic power head is connected with the back plate; the winch is fixed on the base; the pulley is fixed on the upper end of the mast; one end of the steel wire rope is a free end bypassed through the pulley, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the winch; the elevator is connected with the free end of the steel wire rope; and the Trojans gripper is installed on the base. As the portable drilling machine disclosed by the invention is provided with the portable winch, the mast, the pulley, the steel wire rope, the elevator and the portable Trojans gripper, the wire-line core drilling can be realized.