The invention discloses a rehabilitation training device used after an orthopedic operation, which comprises a first plate, a connecting shaft is arranged below the first placing plate; a second placing plate is arranged on one side, away from the first placing plate, of the connecting shaft; the first placing plate and the second placing plate are each provided with a plurality of clamping plates, clamping mechanisms are arranged on the clamping plates, gloves are arranged at the upper ends of the first containing plates, a stretching rod is arranged on the connecting shaft, a straight toothed rod is arranged at the end, away from the connecting shaft, of the stretching rod, and a rotating gear is arranged below the straight toothed rod. When the device is operated, an arm to-be-trained is placed above the first placing plate and the second placing plate; a power mechanism is started to enable the rotating gear to rotate so as to drive the straight toothed bar to do left-right reciprocating motion, so that the stretching rod pulls the connecting shaft to do left-right reciprocating motion, the arm of the patient can complete bending training, muscles and bones on the arm of the patient can be stretched, the rehabilitation training purpose is achieved, and the rehabilitation training device is suitable for large-scale popularization.