The invention relates to the technical field of solar power supply, and discloses an Internet of Things sensing system based on solar power supply, which comprises a system module assembly, the system module assembly comprises a 4G module, the system module assembly comprises a communication module, the communication module comprises a WIFI signal receiver, the system module assembly comprises an information acquisition module, and the information acquisition module is connected with the 4G module. The information acquisition module comprises a camera module and a video recording module, the system module comprises a power supply module, the system module assembly comprises a sampling module, and the system module assembly comprises a communication module. The system is high in integration capability, more cost-saving, fast in Internet of Things data transmission, convenient to use, compatible with various sensors, capable of achieving solar charging and discharging, convenient to popularize and use, compatible with various cameras and capable of supplying power to the cameras through the arrangement of the information acquisition module and the power supply module, and a good communication environment is provided for the system.