The invention discloses a system and technology for reuse of printing and dyeing wastewater reclaimed water subjected to quality-based treatment. The process includes: (1) distributing conditioned printing and dyeing wastewater evenly in an oxygen-poor tank by a point-to-point water distributor, sending the oxygen-poor tank effluent water into a mud-film coupled oxygen-rich tank, conducting treatment, then sending the effluent water into a sedimentation tank to conduct sedimentation, then sending the sedimentation tank effluent water into a biological aerated filter to conduct treatment, and sending the effluent water into an intermediate water tank; and (2) subjecting one part of the water in the intermediate water tank to river water purifier and sodium ion exchange treatment, then reusing the water in flushing and color washing procedures of a printing and dyeing workshop; and subjecting the other part to sand filter filtration, ultrafiltration membrane filtration and reverse osmosis membrane filtration in order, and the reusing the water in the dyeing procedure of the printing and dyeing workshop. According to the invention, the printing and dyeing procedure is divided into a high quality water process and a low quality water process, and different water processes adopt different reclaimed water treatment technologies, thus bringing the technical characteristics of reclaimed water reuse into full play, saving energy consumption and improving the reuse rate of reclaimed water.