Technology for patch-based image augmentation includes dividing an image block into image patches, each image patch having a size, shape, and location relative to the image block, generating an augmented image block by applying a variable image augmentation to each image patch, where at least two augmented image patches have different augmentation, and performing an
image analysis task by applying a neural network to the augmented image block. The variable image augmentation can include at least one augmentation component selected from a plurality of augmentation components, where the augmentation components can include one or more of a filter, an intensity adjustment, a
noise generator, or a style transfer. Augmentation components can be selected on a random basis or based on a predetermined
queue. For an image patch having a plurality of augmentation components, outputs for the selected augmentation components are blended to provide an augmented image patch.