The invention discloses a multi-mode gait rehabilitation training method. The method comprises the following step: through selection of a controller, driving a power device to drive pedals to execute gait movement in the following mode, in a walking mode, the pedals circularly move to form a walking track; in a sliding step mode, the pedals circularly move to form a sliding step track, and the sliding step track is elliptical; in a step mode, the pedals circularly move to form a step track, the step track is of an ellipse, and a long axis of the ellipse is obliquely arranged; in a stepping mode, the pedals circularly move to form a stepping track, and the stepping track is in a shape of a vertical straight line segment; and in a center-of-gravity transfer mode, the pedals circularly move to form a center-of-gravity transfer track, the center-of-gravity transfer track is in a shape of a vertical short line segment, and the short line segment is shorter than the straight line segment. The invention further discloses a rehabilitation training device using the multi-mode gait rehabilitation training method. According to the method and the device, five modes of gait rehabilitation training are provided, so that lower limbs of a user can be comprehensively trained, and the rehabilitation training effect is better.