The invention relates to the field of shield segment performance test, and discloses a multi-axis
coupling segment mechanical test device based on an MEMS attitude sensor, which comprises a plurality of segments, a shield shell, an annular loading device, a unit loading device, a retention mechanism, a loading
system and a measuring mechanism, the retention mechanism comprises a plurality of duct piece reinforcing devices, a first fixing frame, a second fixing frame and a unit loading device fixing device, and the loading
system comprises a first loading device, a second loading device and a third loading device. The horizontal loading device can be used for simulating eccentric acting force of a jack of the
shield tunneling machine on the duct piece, the annular loading
system can be used for simulating asymmetric acting force of a shield
tail brush on the duct piece, non-uniform interaction between a stratum and the duct piece or a shield shell can be simulated, and posture deflection of the
shield tunneling machine and pressure of synchronous grouting on the duct piece can be simulated; the device can simulate and predict the three-dimensional space deformation of the shield
tail segment under the
shield tunneling multi-element
coupling effect under the complex geological condition.