The invention discloses a communication system based on energy scheduling and a communication throughput optimization method thereof. The system comprises a power beacon, a hybrid transmitter and a hybrid receiver, RF signals transmitted by the PB provide carrier signals or energy to the HT; and in one time frame, the HT adopts one working mode of EH, BC or AIT according to the energy state of theHT and the state of the transmission channel. The HT has three working modes of EH, BC and AIT, the three working modes of the HT form the working modes of the seven systems, and in one time frame, the communication system selects one of the working modes for communication according to the energy state and the channel state of the HT. According to the system, a rechargeable battery is introducedinto HT, so system energy scheduling is realized; and the HT can more flexibly execute three working modes of EH, BC and AIT in each time frame.