The invention discloses a circular tube type diffuser and a design method, relates to the technical field of engine research, and aims to solve the problem that the safety performance of a
turbine pump is reduced due to a diffuser in the prior art. The circular tube type diffuser comprises a ring inner cylindrical surface, a ring outer cylindrical surface and a plurality of target channels which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and extend from the ring inner cylindrical surface to the ring outer cylindrical surface in the radial direction. The cross section of each target channel is a circle, the center line of each target channel is a straight line, the target surfaces of the target channels are tangentially connected with the ring inner cylindrical surface, and the opposite surfaces of the target surfaces are tangentially connected with the ring outer cylindrical surface; an inlet transition section, a
throat section and an expansion section are sequentially arranged in the
multiple target channels in the direction from the ring inner cylindrical surface to the ring outer cylindrical surface. The expansion section is a beveled arc expansion section or a beveled
spiral line expansion section; the expansion section is used for reducing liquid flow loss of an outlet of the
diffusion channel and pressure pulsation of an inlet of the diffuser and an outlet of the
turbine pump; therefore, the vibration level of the
turbine pump is reduced, and the safety is improved.