27 results about "Aloha" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to a device and method for supporting slotted ALOHA for ambient Internet of Things (Ambient IoT) communication in a wireless communication system. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a device and method for supporting enhanced slotted ALOHA schemes for ambient IoT system in ambient IoT communication.

The application provides a time slot ALOHA adaptive access method which allows age gain threshold and sending probability to dynamically change with time slots under a multi-packet receiving mechanism. The method gives an initial age gain distribution, and performs the following steps in each time slot: each time slot initial access point sets sending probability and age gain threshold according to the estimated age gain distribution, aiming at maximizing current time slot AoI reduction expectation value; users whose real-time age gain is greater than or equal to the set threshold in each time slot access the channel with the set sending probability, if the number of simultaneously transmitted users in the time slot is less than or equal to the packet acceptance capacity γ of the receiving end, the transmission is successful, otherwise all fail; the access point at the end of each time slot records the observed information of the number of simultaneously transmitted users in the time slot; and the access point at the end of each time slot estimates the age gain distribution at the beginning of the next time slot based on the Bayesian updating theory according to the age gain distribution estimated at the beginning of the time slot, the observed information in the time slot and data arrival probability.

This invention introduces an energy-efficient communication protocol for Ambient IoT, integrating Slotted ALOHA with RF energy harvesting to enable reliable interaction between ultra-low-power, battery-less devices and 5G / 6G base stations or relay UEs. Devices first harvest energy from a Carrier Wave (CW) signal, followed by a structured five-message exchange (Msg0–Msg4) handling synchronization, random access, data transmission, and acknowledgments. Time-frequency resources are dynamically allocated based on device energy levels and random IDs, reducing collisions and improving throughput. Control signals use differential encoding for robustness. Each message is framed with a preamble and postamble, allowing the device to detect the start and end of the signal. Padding is inserted before the preamble to ensure alignment with NR OFDM symbol boundaries. A Slotted ALOHA-based retransmission strategy enhances channel reuse. Eliminating dedicated RFID readers, this approach supports long-range, interference-managed communication, offering a scalable, low-latency, and cost-effective solution for massive machine-type communication (mMTC) in next-generation Ambient IoT networks.

The invention provides an end station batch access method based on a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) satellite system, which is applied to a far-end station in a star-shaped satellite TDMA system network and comprises the following steps of: receiving a DLTD (Data Link Transfer Database) broadcasted by a central station through a modulator forward link; whether the onoff in the received DLTD is 1 or not is judged, if not, login is randomly initiated according to a time slot ALOHA mode, if yes, whether deviceid of the remote station exists in a remote station identification sequence or not is checked, if yes, whether the ith login time slot in the super-frame count sfCount meets the condition for initiating login access or not is judged, if the condition is met, login access is initiated in the login time slot, and if not, login is not performed. According to the scheme, remote stations can be accessed in batches, a large number of remote stations can be accessed in a short time, and the problem of rapid online of a large number of remote stations is solved.

The present invention relates to a method for monitoring and dynamically adjusting the receiving gain of a high-frequency RFID system, and belongs to the field of radio frequency identification. The present invention is applicable to a high-frequency RFID system that adopts a dynamic Q-value ALOHA algorithm, such as a high-frequency RFID system that adopts the ISO18000‑3 protocol Mode 3 mode. The method mainly includes: (1) receiving gain monitoring, monitoring the current receiving gain in the anti-collision process, and judging whether the current receiving gain is appropriate. (2) receiving gain adjustment. The dynamic adjustment of the receiving gain is combined with the anti-collision algorithm process to ensure that each tag can be recognized by the reader when the receiving gain is appropriate during the multi-tag reading process, thereby improving the dynamic range of the reader. The method proposed in the present invention realizes the monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the receiving gain of the high-frequency RFID system, and can solve the problem that under a specific gain, the response signal of some tags is too strong, resulting in saturation of the receiving link or the receiving signal is too small to be correctly read by the reader, thereby effectively improving the reading accuracy of the high-frequency RFID system.

The present application relates to a signal demodulation method, apparatus, computer equipment, storage medium and product. The method comprises: receiving a target transmission signal; wherein the target transmission signal is a signal generated by a collision between a first transmission signal and a second transmission signal that do not completely overlap in the time domain during transmission based on a time slot ALOHA protocol, and the first transmission signal and the second transmission signal are signals encoded by a target coding method, and the target coding method is used to encode a level signal corresponding to a code element into two different level signals; determining candidate transition edges of the target transmission signal; selecting the first transition edge of the first transmission signal and the second transition edge of the second transmission signal from the candidate transition edges according to the code element period corresponding to the target coding method; and demodulating the target transmission signal according to the level change information of the target transmission signal at the first transition edge and the level change information at the second transition edge. The use of this method can improve resource utilization and signal transmission efficiency.

This invention provides a hybrid transmission method for time-triggered and event-triggered streams in industrial wireless networks (IWNs). The method includes: Step 1, establishing a first-order logical constraint model for conflict-free transmission of time-triggered (TT) streams, and implementing centralized scheduling of time slot resources based on the Gurobi solver to achieve conflict-free transmission of TT streams in IWNs; Step 2, based on the centralized scheduling of TT streams, designing an ET stream contention transmission mechanism based on time slot Aloha, achieving hybrid transmission of TT and ET streams without consuming TT stream time slot resources. This invention ensures that TT streams can exclusively enjoy time slot resources by establishing a first-order logical constraint model for conflict-free transmission of time-triggered TT streams; and designs a low-latency distributed contention access mechanism for ET streams without consuming TT stream transmission resources, thus achieving hybrid transmission of TT and ET streams.

The invention discloses a data sending method and device and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: determining a data frame between any two time slot starting points in a time slot access control protocol; a network congestion level and a terminal identifier are obtained, the network congestion level is used for reflecting the network congestion degree of the network side, and the terminal identifier is an identity identifier temporarily allocated to the terminal device by the network side; and determining the number of time slots for delayed transmission of the data frame according to the network congestion level and the terminal identifier, and transmitting the data frame according to the number of time slots. According to the method and the device, the technical problem of high data frame collision probability when the number of the terminals is large in the time slot ALOHA protocol of the Internet of Things is solved.

The invention discloses a multi-slot spread spectrum random access method and a multi-slot spread spectrum random access system for satellite short message communication. According to the method, a micro time slot structure is set on a satellite uplink, a user terminal estimates propagation time delay and pre-compensates a sending moment by using GNSS information, and spread spectrum signals with the duration being integral multiples of a micro time slot are generated for cross-time-slot discretization transmission. Compared with a standard time slot spread spectrum ALOHA, the signal overlapping density at the synchronization moment is remarkably reduced through a discretization mechanism, and on the premise of maintaining microsecond-level synchronization precision, the capturing pressure of a receiver and the strict requirement for spread spectrum code orthogonality are effectively relieved; compared with pure spread spectrum ALOHA, the method has the advantages that the channel resource utilization rate and the system throughput performance are obviously improved under medium user concurrent load; and meanwhile, the capability of flexibly adapting to the variable-length message is realized, and the optimal balance among the system capacity, the engineering cost and the service flexibility is realized.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be associated with early data transmission in enhanced coverage using diversity slotted aloha in non-terrestrial networks. A device may be configured to receive broadcast configuration information. The broadcast configuration information may include a first condition and a second condition. A first coverage level may be determined based on whether the first condition is satisfied. A random-access configuration associated with the first coverage level may be selected based on the broadcast configuration information and based on whether the second condition is satisfied. Based on a determination that the random-access configuration enables a preamble-less early data transmission (EDT), the WTRU may determine at least at one physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource allocation parameter. The random-access configuration and the PUSCH at least one resource allocation parameter may be transmitted using the preamble-less EDT.

A terminal priority-based IRSA-NOMA random access method is designed to address the high collision rate of random access by heterogeneous terminals in large-scale machine-type communications (mMTC). Specifically, the IRSA-NOMA protocol is designed, combining irregularly repeated slotted ALOHA and power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (POMA) based on terminal priority. Secondly, uplink diversity degree and power level selection schemes are designed for high- and low-priority terminals based on the proportion of high-priority terminals. Terminals then use the IRSA-NOMA protocol to perform uplink access transmissions. Finally, the base station receives uplink access signals from multiple terminals and uses sequential interference cancellation (SIC) to detect and eliminate access conflicts frame by frame. This method optimizes uplink transmission parameters based on terminal priority, reducing the probability of random access collisions for large-scale terminals and improving the overload capacity and throughput of the mMTC system.

The application provides a satellite-to-ground two-step random access enhancement method based on irregular repeated time slot ALOHA, which comprises the following steps: step one, random access flow method design; step two, preamble design and timing detection; step three, receiver demodulation and interference cancellation process; and step four, simulation verification and performance evaluation. The application designs a satellite-to-ground two-step random access system level method by introducing irregular repeated time slot ALOHA strategy, double preamble sequence (2-rooted PRACH preamble) detection technology, orthogonal pilot channel estimation technology and continuous interference cancellation technology. The simulation results show that the method can improve the throughput of satellite-to-ground random access, significantly reduce the access delay, and improve the access speed and access capacity.

This solution relates to a LoRa network-based non-persistent carrier sense multiple access system and method in the field of low-power communications. It includes a network infrastructure that adopts the LoRa network architecture and replaces the ALOHA transmission scheduling mode of the LoRa network infrastructure with the NP-CSMA access mode. This solves the channel conflict problem in the current LoRa network and is applied to LoRa local area network signal transmission to improve the scalability and signal stability of the LoRa network.

The present application relates to a method for optimizing the Age of Information (AoI) of data packet uplink transmission under the pure Aloha protocol in LoRa, aiming to improve the timeliness of data packets, optimize the quality of data transmission, and reduce information delay and system response time. It includes: a system model for collision and retransmission of LoRa data packet transmission process under the pure Aloha protocol is established, and the possible impact of data packet retransmission on LoRa security is analyzed. The model takes into account channel selection, spreading factor (SF) setting and possible data packet collision in LoRa network. By analyzing the transmission effect of different channel and spreading factor combinations, the collision probability of data packets in the transmission process and its impact on AoI can be calculated. In order to achieve the optimal channel and SF selection, the present application adopts the method of deep reinforcement learning, constructs a training model to dynamically select the best transmission strategy, adjusts the channel selection and spreading factor intelligently, reduces the collision events and the number of retransmissions, and thus improves the timeliness of data packets and the security of LoRa network. The present application is suitable for various LoRa Internet of Things applications, including but not limited to smart city, environmental monitoring, intelligent agriculture, intelligent logistics and other fields, especially for Internet of Things application scenarios that require high timeliness and real-time response, and has important practical value.

The present disclosure provides a method and system for energy- aware random access scheduling and resource allocation in wireless networks comprising ambient Internet of Things (IoT) devices. A paging signal is broadcast by a network entity, defining a time-frequency contention grid used by ultra-low power, battery-less devices to transmit random access messages via a slotted ALOHA protocol. Each message includes a unique device identifier, energy status, and message size. The network processes these messages to detect contention outcomes and allocates communication resources accordingly. Devices receiving acknowledgment (ACK) proceed with uplink transmission, while those receiving negative acknowledgment (NAK) reattempt access based on a probabilistic backoff scheme with a retry limit. The number of contention slots is dynamically optimized based on network load, latency goals, and energy constraints to minimize collisions and improve scalability. The invention enables efficient, fair, and low-power communication in dense IoT deployments, particularly within massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) scenarios in 5G and 6G networks.

The invention discloses a LoRa multi-hop ad hoc network communication method and a LoRa multi-hop ad hoc network communication system for a mountainous meteorological monitoring system. Comprising a plurality of gateway nodes and a plurality of sensor nodes, LoRa communication is adopted among the nodes, and an ALOHA protocol is adopted by an MAC layer to reduce power consumption. In a network initialization stage, nodes take GPS coordinates as unique logic addresses to realize simple address management; in the dynamic network access stage, the node preferentially selects a father node based on the RSSI signal strength; uploading the data to the gateway hop by hop through the father node; and in the self-healing and ring prevention stage, network self-healing is realized through father node failure detection and rapid switching, an active broadcast updating mechanism based on child node change triggering is adopted, invalid routing is forcibly deleted, a loop is forcibly disconnected, and formation of a routing ring is effectively prevented. The method solves the problems of poor networking reliability, easy loop formation, complex address management, insufficient topology adaptability and the like in a mountainous area environment, and has the advantages of simple deployment, low maintenance cost and wide coverage range.

The application discloses an Aloha network transmission method for optimizing information age, comprising the following steps: S1, for a time slot V2X Aloha network based on limited retry limit, a queuing system is modeled as a double-server queue system; S2, the average AoI of the double-server queue system is characterized; S3, based on Markov modeling of the queue head state, the average service time and the steady-state probability of successfully transmitting a data packet are characterized; S4, the node transmission probability of minimizing AoI and the number of retransmissions are selected. The application uses randomly generated data packets, a large buffer can accommodate any number of data packets, and the average AoI performance is improved by using a limited number of retries.

The application provides a protocol method of an irregular repeated time slot ALOHA based on terminal priority, and mainly solves the problems of throughput performance decline and low throughput performance of IRSA protocol and PR-ALOHA under high channel load; the scheme steps of the application are as follows: based on the IRSA protocol, an access controller is added to construct a P-IRSA scheme system model framework; the application constructs a new P-IRSA scheme, retains the original high performance of the IRSA scheme on the basis of the IRSA protocol, adds the access controller which influences the access probability of terminal equipment, and gives different access probabilities to terminal equipment with different priorities according to the estimated value of the current channel load. The actual experiment for verifying the scheme shows the superiority of the scheme.

Provisioning Medium Access Control (MAC) parameters for Ambient Internet of Things devices (AIoT devices). Ambient Internet of Things devices are given a random Q parameter from which they determine a random back-off time. The back-off time is used for random access (e.g. ALOHA) to the network. Analysis of received messages is performed for conformance of the ambient IoT devices to a timeout period associated with messages from the ambient IoT devices. A determination is made whether to increase or decrease the size of the interval based on the analysis; and based on the determination, an indication to increase or decrease the value(s) for the parameter(s) (i.e. the Q parameter) is sent towards the ambient IoT devices. Different ambient IoT devices, or different groups of ambient IoT devices may have different interval sizes. Parameters may be based on one or more reliability constraints and one or more latency constraints related to the ambient IoT devices and the parameters influence delivery rate and latency for random access by the devices.

This invention discloses a method and system for optimizing the energy efficiency of LoRa networks considering coding rate, belonging to the field of network optimization technology. The method mainly includes: constructing a LoRa performance model considering coding rate based on LoRa network parameters and the non-slotted ALOHA protocol; performing energy-aware sorting configuration initialization to obtain a priority list; performing asymptotic probability constraint allocation to obtain an initial spread factor and coding rate combination for each node; and performing neighborhood refinement search to obtain a refined spread factor and coding rate combination. Implementing the LoRa network energy efficiency optimization method and system considering coding rate provided by this invention can enhance the scalability of LoRa networks and further improve energy efficiency.

Disclosed are methods, systems, and computer-readable medium to perform operations including: selecting, from a resource pool, a first time and frequency resource for sending a first random access message replica of a random access message instance; selecting, from a resource pool, a second time and frequency resource for sending a second random access message replica of the random access message instance; and sending the random access message instance including the first replica on the first time and frequency resource and including the second replica on the second time and frequency resource.

The invention provides a large-scale random access method based on asynchronous enhanced time slot ALOHA. The large-scale random access method comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a system basic framework and a frame structure; 2, signal coding modulation and sending transmission are carried out; step 3, oversampling operation; step 4, iterative soft cancellation signal detection; 5, time slot level interference elimination operation is carried out; step 6, an iterative solution process is carried out; and 7, performing simulation verification and performance evaluation. According to the invention, an oversampling technology is utilized to effectively solve the intra-symbol asynchronization phenomenon between users in an enhanced ALOHA-based random access mechanism. Meanwhile, a corresponding over-sampling signal iteration soft elimination detection algorithm is designed, and the recovery of the over-sampling signal can be effectively realized. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the user asynchronization phenomenon can be effectively resisted, and meanwhile, the access throughput of the system can be improved by utilizing the gain generated by the asynchronization phenomenon.

1. The name of this design product: Amusement Equipment (Aloha). 2. Purpose of this design product: for use as entertainment equipment. 3. The key design point of this design product lies in the combination of shape and pattern. 4. The picture or photo that best illustrates the design points: three-dimensional picture.

The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, discloses a circular polarization modulation-based NOMA-ALOHA protocol method under imperfect CSI (Channel State Information), and provides a binary circular polarization modulation-based NOMA-SA scheme for solving the problem of insufficient utilization of polarization dimensions of an existing NOMA-SA system. According to the modulation scheme, the orthogonal characteristics of the LHCP and the RHCP are utilized, so that user signals with the same power level can be decoded through polarization diversity, and the system capacity is remarkably improved. In order to solve the influence of channel estimation errors on performance in an actual system, CRLBs of channel estimation are deduced in TDD and FDD modes respectively. By establishing an equivalent noise model, the influence of the channel estimation error on the system performance is quantified. In order to accurately evaluate the performance of the system, the upper bound of the throughput of the system is deduced by considering two favorable scenes of monopolization of a single user and coexistence of orthogonal polarization users. The analysis model reveals the cooperative gain of polarization diversity and power domain multiplexing, and provides a theoretical basis for system parameter optimization.

The invention provides an irregular repeated time slot ALOHA protocol method based on multi-packet reception, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, introduces a multi-packet reception capability MR on the basis of a traditional IRSA protocol, and relaxes a decoding condition from a conflict-free condition to a condition that the number of conflict data packets is less than or equal to MR, thereby reducing the number of iterations of decoding, and improving the decoding efficiency. And the data packet transmission capability of the system can be improved, the decoding capability, throughput and packet loss rate performance under high channel load can be improved, and the performance superior to that of a traditional random access protocol can be obtained in a massive machine communication scene. The scheme is verified through actual experiments, and the superiority of the scheme is shown.

A wireless communication method is disclosed. The method comprises transmitting, by a wireless communication terminal to a wireless communication node, one or more first messages via a contention-based access mode based on configuration information from the wireless communication node, wherein the contention-based access mode comprises: a Slotted ALOHA, SA, a Diversity Slotted ALOHA, DSA, a Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted ALOHA, CRDSA, an Orthogonal Cover Code based Slotted ALOHA, OCC-based SA, an Orthogonal Cover Code based Diversity Slotted ALOHA, OCC-based DSA, or an Orthogonal Cover Code based Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted ALOHA, OCC-based CRDSA.

The invention discloses a data transmission method and device and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of satellite communication. The method comprises the following steps: sending second data to be transmitted in a first uplink channel based on first data received from a first downlink channel; wherein both the first data and the second data adopt a first spread spectrum, the first downlink channel adopts a time division multiple access mode, and the first uplink channel adopts a time slot ALOHA mode, so that data transmission between the terminal and the network equipment is realized.