The invention discloses a cell image segmentation method based on a Mask contour. The method comprises the following steps of 1, making a data set; 2, cell feature extraction, which comprises the following steps: 2.1, constructing a feature extraction network; 2.2, performing feature multi-scale fusion; 3, establishinga multi-task branch network, mainly establishing a classification branch network, a segmentation branch network and a Center branch network, and respectively sending the fused features into the multi-task branch network for further operation; 4, generating a target Mask contour:generating the Mask contour of an initial target through deformable convolution and a Graham algorithm; and 5, carrying out segmentation Mask contour refinement on the cell image. According to the cell image segmentation method based on the Mask contour provided by the invention, the complexity of an image segmentation task is reduced, the image segmentation processing time is shortened, and the performance is improved.