The present invention relates to a method and device of correcting a Gamma curve of a display based on a DICOM curve. The method comprises correcting the R, G and B parameters of the gray scale pictures every two of which have m intervals of the display, and a R, G and B parameter correction step comprises obtaining the x, y and Y values of the current gray scale picture displayed in the display and read by a sensor, wherein the x and y values are the color temperature coordinate values, and the Y value is a brightness value; calculating the difference values of the x, y and Y values of the current gray scale picture with the target x, y and Y values, and determining whether the difference values are all less than or equal to the corresponding threshold values, wherein the target x and y values are the standard color temperature values under a preset color temperature, and the target Y value is a brightness value corresponding to the current scale in a DICOM standard curve; if not, calculating the R, G and B parameter increments according to the difference values, and according to the R, G and B parameter increments, correcting the R, G and B parameters of the display, and returning to the first step.