The invention relates to an intelligent control system of an air-cooled screw air compressor, which is connected with an air compressor system and a user centralized control system, and comprises a PLC programmable logic controller, a fan frequency converter, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a touch screen. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected with four paths of analog quantity input modules through shielded cables, and then are connected with a CPU central control unit. The PLC is connected with the four paths of the analog quantity input module; the first path of the analog quantity input module is connected with the fan frequency converter through a shielded cable; the frequency converter is connected with a fan motor of the air compressor system; the second and third paths of the analog quantity input modules are respectively connected with a compressor unit protective device; and the four path of the analog quantity input module is connected a compressor motor. The intelligent control system realizes the functions of settable user pressure control, PID closed-loop control of a cooling fan, switching of manual and automatic control functions, setting of control parameters on a display screen, displaying of measurement parameters and alarm parameters on the display screen, communication meeting standard communication protocol requirements, and the like.