41 results about "Superconducting resonators" patented technology

Low-loss superconducting devices and methods for fabricating low loss superconducting devices. For example, superconducting devices, such as superconducting resonator devices, are formed with a (200)-oriented texture titanium nitride (TiN) layer to provide high Q, low loss resonator structures particularly suitable for application to radio-frequency (RF) and / or microwave superconducting resonators, such as coplanar waveguide superconducting resonators. In one aspect, a method of forming a superconducting device includes foaming a silicon nitride (SiN) seed layer on a substrate, and forming a (200)-oriented texture titanium nitride (TiN) layer on the SiN seed layer.

The use of a superconducting resonator with continuous-wave (CW) excitation allows low-noise quadrupole resonance (QR) detection without the need for a lock-in amplifier. This allows detection times to be greatly reduced. Hence, for the first time, a CW QR spectrometer using a superconducting resonator can be used in a portable device, such as a hand-held wand for detecting explosives.

Narrowband quadrupole resonance (QR) probes were developed from thin-film high-temperature superconducting (HTS) resonators. The QR probes are useful in analyte-detection systems, in particular for the detection of nitrogen-containing compounds. Embodiments of the invention provide greater than an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity and the ability to reject RF interference sources located outside the pass-band of a superconducting QR probe. Methods and apparatus are described for analyte detection and resonance frequency adjustment.

Low-loss superconducting devices and methods for fabricating low loss superconducting devices. For example, superconducting devices, such as superconducting resonator devices, are formed with a (200)-oriented texture titanium nitride (TiN) layer to provide high Q, low loss resonator structures particularly suitable for application to radio-frequency (RF) and / or microwave superconducting resonators, such as coplanar waveguide superconducting resonators. In one aspect, a method of forming a superconducting device includes forming a silicon nitride (SiN) seed layer on a substrate, and forming a (200)-oriented texture titanium nitride (TiN) layer on the SiN seed layer.

A superconducting input and / or output system employs at least one microwave superconducting resonator. The microwave superconducting resonator(s) may be communicatively coupled to a microwave transmission line. Each microwave superconducting resonator may include a first and a second DC SQUID, in series with one another and with an inductance (e.g., inductor), and a capacitance in parallel with the first and second DC SQUIDs and inductance. Respective inductive interfaces are operable to apply flux bias to control the DC SQUIDs. The second DC SQUID may be coupled to a Quantum Flux Parametron (QFP), for example as a final element in a shift register. A superconducting parallel plate capacitor structure and method of fabricating such are also taught.

A method for measuring the quantum state of a resonator includes, exciting an input port of a circuit with signal, measuring a phase shift of the signal at an output port of the circuit, wherein the resonator is coupled to the input and the output ports, and calculating a quantum state of the resonator as a function of the measured phase shift of the signal.

The use of a superconducting resonator with continuous-wave (CW) excitation allows low-noise quadrupole resonance (QR) detection without the need for a lock-in amplifier. This allows detection times to be greatly reduced. Hence, for the first time, a CW QR spectrometer using a superconducting resonator can be used in a portable device, such as a hand-held wand for detecting explosives.

Narrowband quadrupole resonance (QR) probes were developed from thin-film high-temperature superconducting (HTS) resonators. The QR probes are useful in analyte-detection systems, in particular for the detection of nitrogen-containing compounds. Embodiments of the invention provide greater than an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity and the ability to reject RF interference sources located outside the pass-band of a superconducting QR probe. Methods and apparatus are described for analyte detection and resonance frequency adjustment.

A superconducting tunable filter is disclosed that has a center frequency and a bandwidth able to be adjusted separately. The superconducting tunable filter includes a superconducting resonator filter pattern formed on a dielectric substrate; a dielectric or magnetic plate above the resonator filter pattern and having a through-hole; a dielectric or magnetic rod inserted in the through-hole; and a position controller which separately controls the position of the dielectric or magnetic plate and the position of the dielectric or magnetic rod relative to the resonator filter pattern.

A multimode resonator resonating at two or more frequencies is operated at cryogenic temperatures and composed of a superconducting material or a normal metal with a superconducting section serving as a RF superconducting switch. The multimode resonator is coupled to a NMR spectrometer and a RF switch power source, wherein its one frequency is selected to correspond to the operating frequency of the NMR spectrometer and at least a second frequency is tuned to a frequency of RF switch power source, unrelated to the spectrometer frequency, therefore power at this frequency does not perturb the operation of the spectrometer. When activated, the RF switch power source induces a current sufficient to approach or exceeds the critical current in one or more sections of the superconducting material of the multimode resonator, thereby increasing its resistance and reducing the Q factor of the multimode resonator.

A method of tuning a high temperature superconductor (HTS) resonator includes the steps of providing a HTS inductor and a HTS capacitor, the HTS capacitor being electrically connected to the HTS inductor. A tuning body is provided adjacent to the HTS inductor and the HTS capacitor. The relative position of the tuning body with respect to the HTS inductor and the HTS capacitor is altered so as to tune the resonator. A tunable resonant circuit is provided that includes a substrate having a planar surface. At least one resonator formed from HTS material is disposed on the substrate, the resonator having one or more turns that when combined, turn through greater than 360°.

A superconducting filter device is disclosed that is able to prevent current concentration and improve electrical surface resistance. The superconducting filter device includes a first dielectric substrate, and a bulk superconducting resonator that is embedded in the first dielectric substrate and is formed from a bulk superconducting material.

A method for measuring the quantum state of a resonator includes, exciting an input port of a circuit with signal, measuring a phase shift of the signal at an output port of the circuit, wherein the resonator is coupled to the input and the output ports, and calculating a quantum state of the resonator as a function of the measured phase shift of the signal.

A superconducting tunable filter comprises a dielectric base plate; a patch-shaped resonator pattern formed of a superconducting material on the dielectric base plate; a top dielectric locally placed on the superconducting resonator pattern at a prescribed position and made of a material with an electric-field dependent permittivity; a conducting pattern formed on a top face of the top dielectric; and a bias voltage supply configured to apply a bias voltage between the conducting pattern and the superconducting resonator pattern.

A superconducting filter device is disclosed that is able to prevent current concentration and improve electrical surface resistance. The superconducting filter device includes a first dielectric substrate, and a bulk superconducting resonator that is embedded in the first dielectric substrate and is formed from a bulk superconducting material.

Novel structures and methods for forming useful high temperature superconducting devices, most particularly resonators, are provided. Structures resulting in reduced peak current densities relative to known structures achieve numerous desirable benefits, especially including the reduced intermodulation effects of earlier resonators. In one aspect of this invention, a spiral in, spiral out resonator is provided, characterized in that it has an odd number of long runs, at least equal to five long runs, where the long runs are connected by turns, and wherein there are at least two sequential turns of the same handedness, followed by at least two turns of the opposite handedness. In yet another aspect of this invention, it has been discovered that reducing the size of the input and output pads of HTS resonators increases the relative inductance compared to the capacitance. Yet another resonator structure is a spiral snake resonator having a terminal end disposed within the resonator. A wide in the middle structure and wide at peak current density resonator structures utilize enlarged width portions of the resonator in those areas where current density is largest. In yet another aspect of this invention, operation of resonators in high modes, above the fundamental mode, reduce peak current densities. Resonators operated in modes in which current in adjacent long runs are in the same direction further serve to reduce current densities, and intermodulation effects. Symmetric current structures and modes of operation are particularly advantageous where far field effects are compensated for.

A multimode resonator resonating at two or more frequencies is operated at cryogenic temperatures and composed of a superconducting material or a normal metal with a superconducting section serving as a RF superconducting switch. The multimode resonator is coupled to a NMR spectrometer and a RF switch power source, wherein its one frequency is selected to correspond to the operating frequency of the NMR spectrometer and at least a second frequency is tuned to a frequency of RF switch power source, unrelated to the spectrometer frequency, therefore power at this frequency does not perturb the operation of the spectrometer. When activated, the RF switch power source induces a current sufficient to approach or exceeds the critical current in one or more sections of the superconducting material of the multimode resonator, thereby increasing its resistance and reducing the Q factor of the multimode resonator.

The invention relates to a variable frequency superconducting microstrip line resonator, which comprises an upper-layer superconducting resonator structure, a lower-layer superconducting thin film and a dielectric substrate positioned between the upper-layer superconducting resonator structure and the lower-layer superconducting thin film. The variable frequency superconducting microstrip line resonator is characterized in that: the upper-layer superconducting resonator structure comprises a continuous main strip line, one or more external microstrip lines and one or more switches; one or two ends of the main strip line form an interdigital coupled structure with the one or more external microstrip lines; the interdigital coupled structure is formed by intersecting the port comb crotch structure of the main strip line and the port comb crotch structure(s) of the one or more external microstrip lines, and the port comb crotch structures of the main strip line and the one or more external microstrip lines do not contact each other; the external microstrip lines are grounded through the switches; and the grounding state, off state or state combinations of the one or more external microstrip lines are controlled by the one or more switches to change the resonance frequency of the resonator. The variable frequency superconducting microstrip line resonator has the advantages of high quality factor, wide variable frequency range, a great number of variable frequency points and frequency control accuracy, is easily made, and can be used for designing and manufacturing high-performance variable frequency band-pass, band elimination, high-pass, low-pass and multi-band superconducting filters.

A superconducting input and / or output system employs at least one microwave superconducting resonator. The microwave superconducting resonator(s) may be communicatively coupled to a microwave transmission line. Each microwave superconducting resonator may include a first and a second DC SQUID, in series with one another and with an inductance (e.g., inductor), and a capacitance in parallel with the first and second DC SQUIDs and inductance. Respective inductive interfaces are operable to apply flux bias to control the DC SQUIDs. The second DC SQUID may be coupled to a Quantum Flux Parametron (QFP), for example as a final element in a shift register. A superconducting parallel plate capacitor structure and method of fabricating such are also taught.

A superconducting disk resonator is disclosed that includes a dielectric base substrate having dielectric anisotropy, a disk type superconducting resonator pattern that is formed on the dielectric base substrate with superconducting material, and a pair of signal input / output lines arranged on the dielectric base substrate and extending in a straight line towards the disk type superconducting resonator pattern. The direction of dielectric anisotropy of the dielectric base substrate is oriented at ±90 degrees with respect to an extending direction of the pair of signal input / output lines.

The present invention discloses a cavity resonator based on a deformable high-temperature superconducting material. The cavity resonator includes a resonator cavity, and the deformable high-temperature superconducting material is attached on the circuit structure surface of the resonator cavity in a completely covering manner and electrically connected with each other to form a superconducting resonator cavity. The deformable high-temperature superconducting material realizes electrical connection through adhesion by a conductive adhesive or / and soldering. The cavity resonator and filter based on the deformable high-temperature superconducting material have the following advantages of realizing the cavity superconducting filter by introducing the deformable high-temperature superconducting material in an existing cavity filter / resonator, designing a tuning structure that can adjust the internal size of the resonator cavity by utilizing the characteristics of processing easiness and breaking difficulty of the deformable high-temperature superconducting material, providing a new tuning mode for the cavity superconducting resonator / filter, reducing the designing difficulty of the resonator and the processing precision requirement of the resonator, and meanwhile, solving the using stability problem of the products after tuning by setting a frequency difference between a designed circuit and a target circuit when the circuit is designed.

A method of tuning a high temperature superconductor (HTS) resonator includes the steps of providing a HTS inductor and a HTS capacitor, the HTS capacitor being electrically connected to the HTS inductor. A tuning body is provided adjacent to the HTS inductor and the HTS capacitor. The relative position of the tuning body with respect to the HTS inductor and the HTS capacitor is altered so as to tune the resonator. A tunable resonant circuit is provided that includes a substrate having a planar surface. At least one resonator formed from HTS material is disposed on the substrate, the resonator having one or more turns that when combined, turn through greater than 360°.

A superconducting tunable filter comprises a dielectric base plate; a patch-shaped resonator pattern formed of a superconducting material on the dielectric base plate; a top dielectric locally placed on the superconducting resonator pattern at a prescribed position and made of a material with an electric-field dependent permittivity; a conducting pattern formed on a top face of the top dielectric; and a bias voltage supply configured to apply a bias voltage between the conducting pattern and the superconducting resonator pattern.

The invention relates to a variable frequency superconducting microstrip line resonator, which comprises an upper-layer superconducting resonator structure, a lower-layer superconducting thin film and a dielectric substrate positioned between the upper-layer superconducting resonator structure and the lower-layer superconducting thin film. The variable frequency superconducting microstrip line resonator is characterized in that: the upper-layer superconducting resonator structure comprises a continuous main strip line, one or more external microstrip lines and one or more switches; one or two ends of the main strip line form an interdigital coupled structure with the one or more external microstrip lines; the interdigital coupled structure is formed by intersecting the port comb crotch structure of the main strip line and the port comb crotch structure(s) of the one or more external microstrip lines, and the port comb crotch structures of the main strip line and the one or more external microstrip lines do not contact each other; the external microstrip lines are grounded through the switches; and the grounding state, off state or state combinations of the one or more external microstrip lines are controlled by the one or more switches to change the resonance frequency of the resonator. The variable frequency superconducting microstrip line resonator has the advantages of high quality factor, wide variable frequency range, a great number of variable frequency points and frequency control accuracy, is easily made, and can be used for designing and manufacturing high-performance variable frequency band-pass, band elimination, high-pass, low-pass and multi-band superconducting filters.

TM0i0 mode (i = 1, 2, 3 ...) planar high temperature supercondutor resonators useful in high temperature superconducting filters, filter banks and multiplexers comprise a shaped high temperature superconductor film and a high temperature superconductor ground plate deposited on opposite sides of a dielectric substrate, wherein the shaped high temperature superconductor film has an aperture in the center thereof and has a shape selected from the group consisting of circles and polygons.

A device and method for improving the efficiency of RF systems having a Reflective Load. In the preferred embodiment, Reflected Energy from a superconducting resonator of a particle accelerator is reintroduced to the resonator after the phase of the Reflected Energy is aligned with the phase of the Supply Energy from a RF Energy Source. In one embodiment, a Circulator is used to transfer Reflected Energy from the Reflective Load into a Phase Adjuster which aligns the phase of the Reflected Energy with that of the Supply Energy. The phase-aligned energy is then combined with the Supply Energy, and reintroduced into the Reflective Load. In systems having a constant phase shift, the Phase Adjuster may be designed to shift the phase of the Reflected Energy by a constant amount using a Phase Shifter. In systems having a variety (variable) phase shifts, a Phase Shifter controlled by a phase feedback loop comprising a Phase Detector and a Feedback Controller to account for the various phase shifts is preferable.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method for a cavity resonator based on a deformable high-temperature superconducting material. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps of a1, designing a resonator circuit according to target circuit parameters; a2, reserving the deformable high-temperature superconducting material and adhesive dimensions in designing the resonator cavity; a3, cutting the deformable high-temperature superconducting material into corresponding sheet shapes for use according to the dimensions of the resonator cavity; and a4, enabling the cut and backup second-generation superconducting strip to be correspondingly fixed on the inner surface of the resonator cavity or directly welding the second-generation superconducting strip into a microwave resonant cavity. The manufacturing method has the beneficial effects as follows: a tuning structure and a tuning method which can adjust the internal dimensions of the resonant cavity are designed, so that a richer and more effective tuning way is provided for the cavity superconducting resonator / filter, the design difficulty of the resonator is lowered, and precision requirement on the resonator processing is also lowered; and in addition, difference value design with the target circuit frequency is adopted in circuit design, so that the problem in use stability of the tuned product is also solved.

The invention discloses a high-temperature superconductivity resonator and a balance filter formed by the same. The resonator comprises a substrate, a high-temperature superconductivity film formed on the substrate, and a circuit pattern formed by the high-temperature superconductivity film. The resonator is characterized in that the circuit pattern forms a microstrip line resonator, the microstrip line resonator is composed of a straight line section located in the middle and bent sections located at the two ends of the straight line section, and bent section circuits located at the two ends of the straight line section are distributed symmetrically about the perpendicular bisector in the length direction in a plane of the straight line section. Multiple curves are loaded at the tail end of the resonator, small design of a balanced type superconductivity filter is achieved, and the size of the resonator and the size of the filter constructed by the resonator are effectively reduced; meanwhile, the problems that when a traditional balance filter difference module carries out transmitting, the insertion loss is large, and common-mode rejection is not enough are solved; the filter has the advantages of being small, easy to integrate, small in difference module insertion loss and large in common mode rejection.