The invention relates to the technical field of distribution lines, and specifically relates to an intelligent anti-thunder distribution line overhead line structure. The intelligent anti-thunder distribution line overhead line structure comprises a tower, an overhead ground wire, a ground wire support, an insulated tower top and a tower ground wire, wherein the overhead ground wire is an opticalfiber cable, a metal stranded wire is arranged on the outer layer of the optical fiber cable, and an optical fiber is arranged on the inner layer of the optical fiber cable. The optical fiber cable isspanned on the distribution line overhead line structure, the metal stranded wire on the outer layer of the optical fiber cable has the effects of shielding lightning strokes and coupling and reducing lightning current, the optical fiber has a communication function, and simultaneously, intelligent sensing for distribution lines is realized by using a photoelectric effect of the optical fiber andmonitoring wire load current, fault current, tower vibration and the like in a non-contact mode. By setting the insulated tower top and the overhead ground wire, the insulation level of the overheadline structure is greatly promoted through the insulated tower top, and the overhead ground wire has the effect of shielding lightning strokes, so that the lightning withstand level of the distribution line overhead line structure is greatly promoted. By using the intelligent anti-thunder distribution line overhead line structure, the damage on the distribution lines caused by lightning strokes can be reduced, moreover, the power supply reliability of the distribution lines is improved, and high-quality electric power service is provided.