The invention discloses an over-temperature protection device for a battery. The over-temperature protection device comprises a rectangular shell, an upper cover and a battery core body, wherein the battery core body is inserted into the shell, and two cylindrical electrode seats are upwards formed on the battery core body; a housing is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell, two sockets are formed in the middle of the upper end surface of the housing, and two heat dissipation holes are formed in two ends of the housing; conducting pillars are inserted into the sockets, first transverse rods are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the conducting pillars, and pressure springs are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the middles of the first transverse rods; and sealing covers are inserted into the heat dissipation holes, connecting rods extending into the housing are formed at the lower ends of the sealing covers, second transverse rods are fixedly connected to the connecting rods, over-temperature protection rods are connected to the lower ends of the connecting rods, transversely protruded clamping blocks are formed at the lower ends of the over-temperature protection rods and are clamped to the over-temperature protection seats, and an expansion block is arranged in each over-temperature protection seat. According to the over-temperature protection device, a connecting circuit can be automatically cut off when the battery is too hot, and meanwhile, a heat dissipation channel is opened to cool a battery core.