The invention provides a hierarchical dynamic group key negotiation method based on privacy protection, which comprises the following steps of: initializing protocol parameters in a group key agreement network domain, generating public/private key pairs of an authentication center and terminal members, performing identity authentication of hidden attributes by the terminal members, and after the authentication is successful, carrying out group key agreement on the terminal members. The terminal member calculates an encryption key and a decryption key according to the attribute weight of the terminal member, verifies the consistency of the keys, and can also apply for attribute change from the authentication center to participate in group key negotiation of a high layer or a low layer. According to the method, the identity authentication technology with hidden attributes is adopted, leakage of personal privacy information can be avoided during identity authentication. Meanwhile, the threshold permission is set according to the attribute weights, group communication is participated in with different confidentialities, the reliability of data communication is improved, and a double-authentication mechanism of identity authentication and attribute weight matching is adopted, so that the reliability of data communication is improved. The safety of the system is improved to a great extent, and the group key negotiation is more flexible, efficient and practical.