The invention discloses an efficient road traffic anti-collision warning method based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication. According to the method, whether collision warning needs to be carried out is judged according to running state information of a vehicle and an adjacent vehicle, coordinates of a later joint of running routes of the vehicle and the adjacent vehicle are calculated, when the joint is located in front of the vehicle running route, time different of reaching the joint of the two vehicles is calculated, and finally a safety coefficient is set according to the actual road traffic condition and the time difference, namely the emergency situation level of warning is set. The method provides a novel warning mechanism based on the time-domain characteristic of the later joint, achieves dynamic safety warning decision based on partial geographical location information of the vehicle and vehicle running state information, guarantees efficient and reliable safety warning, is low in communication calculation cost, reduces vehicle power consumption, can improve vehicle traffic capacity on a road, and is an available and simple method for an application for assisting vehicle running safety in a car networking mode.