In a design method of a detecting system for a telecontrol remote terminal unit (RTU) and an information channel, a structure of the detecting system for the telecontrol RTU and the information channel is confirmed to be a distributed control system, each converting station is provided with a front terminal machine, one industrial control computer is used for centralized management control in an electric power dispatching center, a circuit switched data (CSD) communication mode of a global system for mobile communications (GSM) is applied, bidirectional data communication between a field main control unit and a monitoring center is achieved, and alarm information is transmitted to a mobile phone of a manager through a short message. After a central processing unit (CPU) is first initiated, information channel data of telemetering, remote signaling and carrier frequency are respectively collected, and then malfunction distinguishing is operated according to related principles, if the system is abnormal, a GSM module is started to send malfunction information to a background monitoring center. The design method of the detecting system for the telecontrol remote terminal unit (RTU) and the information channel has the advantages that the detecting system for the telecontrol RTU and the information channel is used for monitoring conditions of voltages and currents of the RTU and other devices, functions of the remote signaling and the remote control are achieved, remote operations to the RTU and other devices are available, and data used in the process of operations is stored in a data base for future reference.