The invention belongs to the field of precision metering and computer application and relates to a rapid and simple method for rapidly evaluating the parallelism degree of a plane relative to a
reference plane. The method comprises the following steps that: step 1, a measuring
point set is acquired, a state element set, a feature
row vector set and a boundary element set are constructed according to the measuring
point set, and the position of a gauge is determined according to the measuring
point set; step 2, two key points are acquired; step 3, an analysis matrix is constructed with the key point set; step 4,
rank analysis is carried out, whether optimization is continued or not is determined, and an optimization strategy is determined; step 5, the analysis matrix and an analysis
column vector are solved, so that an optimization direction is obtained; step 6, a new key point is solved, a
measurement point coordinate set and the position of the gauge are updated, and the method enters the next circulation step; step 7, the flatness of the
reference plane is calculated; step 8, flatness error t is compared with a given tolerance value TD, and whether the flatness is qualified or not is judged; and step 9, if the flatness is qualified, the parallelism error value of a plane to be measured is calculated; and step 10, parallelism error t' is compared with a given tolerance value T'D, and whether parallelism is qualified or not is judged.