The invention relates to an operation scheduling and computing resource allocation method and belongs to the technical field of computers. The method comprises the following steps: S1, allocating calculation resources for a user according to the business demand of the user; S2, establishing an operation queue according to the business demand of the user, recording the priority, submission time and required calculation finishing time information of each operation, and allocating corresponding computing resources for each operation. S3, calculating estimated running time length of each task in each queue; S4, performing task scheduling according to the priority and the estimated running time of the operation by utilizing the user as a scheduling range; S5, performing task scheduling by utilizing task types and relation included in the operations as reference; and S6, after calculation is finished, releasing computing resources. The method is capable of avoiding the problem that low-priority business cannot be scheduled in time, ensuring that all the operations are calculated within specified time, and improving the fairness and timeliness of operation scheduling.