The invention provides a straw returning cultivation method based on intermittent fallow. The method comprises the following steps that a, 9 lines are taken as a cultivation belt, and each cultivationbelt is divided into a straw returning fallow area and a planting area; b, after corn is harvested in the autumn of the first year, all straw harvested in the cultivation belts is crushed to a lengthless than 10 centimeters, and then the straw is spirally swept and collected to the straw returning fallow areas and laid flat on the surfaces of the straw returning fallow areas; c, in the spring ofthe second year, 6 lines of corn is seeded in the planting areas; d, in July-August of the second year, the straw returning fallow areas are subjected to deep scarification and rotary tillage; e, after the corn is harvested in the autumn of the second year, the straw returning fallow areas and the planting areas are redistributed; f, the steps b-e are repeated, and fallow maintenance of all farmland soil is accordingly completed once every 3 years. The straw returning cultivation method based on the intermittent fallow has the advantages that a specific surface-coating straw returning methodis adopted, and straw returning and fallowing are carried out simultaneously, so that straw decomposing is accelerated, and overland runoff and water and soil loss are reduced.