The invention discloses an inflatable exercise and rehabilitation wheelchair for a patient to independently operate. The inflatable exercise and rehabilitation wheelchair comprises a main frame body, an inflatable seat back cushion, a support leg frame and an inflator, wherein a spring I sleeves a push rod of the inflator, the support leg frame is rotatably connected to the right end of the main frame body, the support leg frame is in transmission connection with a larger gear connecting rod, a chute II is formed in the lower end of the main frame body, a mounting base is connected to the interior of the chute II in a sliding mode, a larger gear rotating shaft is connected to the mounting base, a spring II is arranged in the main frame body and on the left side of the chute II, and a hand cranking lifter is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main frame body; a driving gear is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of a driving wheel, a pinion is connected to the main frame body through a rotating shaft, the pinion is engaged with the driving gear, a crank connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the pinion, and a sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the main frame body. When the inflatable exercise and rehabilitation wheelchair walks, legs of the patient can be driven to exercise so as to promote blood circulation of the legs and accelerate injury recovery, additionally, air inflation can be automatically implemented so as to adjust the soft degree of the chair, the patient can independently operate in the whole process, and the effects of practicability and convenience are achieved.