The invention relates to a production process of flame retardant trim cow leather. The production process comprises the steps of fleshing, deliming, softening, tanning, shaving, retanning, dyeing, stuffing, drying, milling and finishing, wherein the step of tanning comprises the successive procedures of salting, pickling and chrome powder tanning; and the retanning, the dyeing, the stuffing, the low-temperature airing drying and the finishing adopt characteristic processes. The flame retardant trim cow leather is compact and uniform in body, is excellent in toughness, is good in resilience and is excellent in flame retardance, and the quality can be controlled easily in the production process; after the leather is stretched in a seat or is used, the seat can be kept in an optimal form and comfort because of excellent resilience of the leather; and under the precondition of guaranteeing the softness and flame retardance, the water resistance, the sweat resistance, the color fastness to rubbing and the wear resistance of a coating layer are effectively improved.