The invention discloses an automatic clamping and automatic clamping loosening threading machine and a work method thereof. The automatic clamping and automatic clamping loosening threading machine comprises a rack, a control device, a motor, a power speed reduction transmission system, an automatic chuck system, a chuck shaft braking system and a sliding frame guide rail, wherein the control device, the motor, the power speed reduction transmission system, the automatic chuck system, the chuck shaft braking system and the sliding frame guide rail are installed on the rack. The motor and the chuck shaft braking system are connected with the control device. The control device controls the motor and the chuck shaft braking system. Power of the motor is transmitted to a chuck through the power speed reduction transmission system. The chuck completes the process of automatic clamping after the starting of the threading machine and the process of automatic clamping loosening after the shutdown of the threading machine under the cooperation of the chuck shaft braking system. By means of the automatic clamping and automatic clamping loosening threading machine and the work method thereof, power is completely provided by the main motor, power maintenance is not needed during clamping, power transmission is totally completed through mechanical transmission, and therefore the production cost is reduced; in addition, during use, the motor does not need to stop in the clamping and machining processes, and one-time operation on the processes of clamping, machining, clamping loosening and the like in the whole process is supported; and the technical nodes of the threading machine on automatic application are avoided.