38results about How to "Reduce tortuosity" patented technology

A method for determining a rate of change of longitudinal direction of a subterranean borehole is provided. The method includes positioning a downhole tool in a borehole, the tool including first and second surveying devices disposed thereon. The method further includes causing the surveying devices to measure a longitudinal direction of the borehole at first and second longitudinal positions and processing the longitudinal directions of the borehole at the first and second positions to determine the rate of change of longitudinal direction of the borehole between the first and second positions. The method may further include processing the measured rate of change of longitudinal direction of the borehole and a predetermined rate of change of longitudinal direction to control the direction of drilling of the subterranean borehole. Exemplary embodiments of this invention tend to minimize the need for communication between a drilling operator and the bottom hole assembly, thereby advantageously preserving downhole communication bandwidth.

An oxygen electrode is created by forming a nanoscopic coating or nanoscopic deposits of mixed metal oxides as catalysts on a pre-formed, highly porous binder-free carbon structure. The highly porous carbon structure performs a role in the synthesis of the mixed oxide catalyst deposits as well as in providing a three-dimensional, electronically conductive support for the mixed metal oxide catalyst with a large surface area and desirable pore structure. The metal oxide mixture shall include two or more metal species. The multifunctional oxygen electrode materials, a process for producing the same and a metal oxygen battery using said oxygen electrode materials are disclosed.

A downhole closed loop method for controlling a drilling toolface includes measuring first and second attitudes of the subterranean borehole at corresponding first and second upper and lower survey stations. The first and second attitudes are processed downhole while drilling to compute an angle change of the subterranean borehole between the upper and lower survey stations. The computed angle change is compared with a predetermined threshold. This process may be continuously repeated while the angle change is less than the threshold. The first and second attitudes are further processed downhole to compute a toolface angle when the angle change of the subterranean borehole is greater than or equal to the threshold. The toolface angle may then be further processed to control a direction of drilling of the subterranean borehole.

The invention discloses a forward osmosis membrane based on interface hydrophilic modification. The forward osmosis membrane comprises a separation peel layer arranged on the surface, a porous support layer arranged in the middle and a non-woven fabric support material arranged at the lower part. The forward osmosis membrane is characterized in that a hydrophilic polymer layer is also arranged between the porous support layer and the non-woven fabric support material, and is embedded into the non-woven fabric support material; the non-woven fabric support material is made of polyolefin or polyester. The hydrophilic polymer can also be interlinked through a crosslinking agent. The forward osmosis membrane has the advantages that through the hydrophilic modification, on the one hand, the permeation resistance of water in a permeation process is reduced, and the water flux is improved, and on the other hand, in a phase inversion process, the water can easily permeate, so that an instant phase inversion can be more easily generated; a large pore structure is formed; the porosity is improved; the sinuosity of pores is reduced, so that the inner concentration polarization can be obviously reduced; the water flux of the membrane is improved.

Disclosed herein are novel or improved microporous battery separator membranes, separators, batteries including such separators, methods of making such membranes, separators, and/or batteries, and/or methods of using such membranes, separators and/or batteries. Further disclosed are laminated multilayer polyolefin membranes with exterior layers comprising one or more polyethylenes, which exterior layers are designed to provide an exterior surface that has a low pin removal force. Further disclosed are battery separator membranes having increased electrolyte absorption capacity at the separator/electrode interface region, which may improve cycling. Further disclosed are battery separator membranes having improved adhesion to any number of coatings. Also described are battery separator membranes having a tunable thermal shutdown where the onset temperature of thermal shutdown may be raised or lowered and the rate of thermal shutdown may be changed or increased. Also disclosed are multilayer battery separator membranes having enhanced web handling performance during manufacturing processes and coating operations.

A downhole closed loop method for controlling a curvature of a subterranean wellbore while drilling includes drilling the subterranean wellbore using a drilling tool. A set point curvature is received at a downhole controller. Sequential attitude measurements made at a single axial location on the drilling tool and a rate of penetration of drilling are processed to compute a curvature of the wellbore being drilled. The drilling direction is adjusted such that the computed curvature is substantially equal to the set point curvature.

Supported thin film membranes of ceramic materials and electrochemical cells including supported thin film membranes. The microstructure of the support is particularly well suited for the well suited for subsequent infiltration with electrochemically active species (as solutions, slurries, or salts) to enhance chemical or electrical transport to the membrane and maintains satisfactory gas flow to the membrane after infiltration. This invention may be useful in electrochemical separations or catalytic reactors including, but not limited to, solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen separation membranes.

A system and method for the extraction of americium from radioactive waste solutions. The method includes the transfer of highly oxidized americium from an acidic aqueous feed solution through an immobilized liquid membrane to an organic receiving solvent, for example tributyl phosphate. The immobilized liquid membrane includes porous support and separating layers loaded with tributyl phosphate. The extracted solution is subsequently stripped of americium and recycled at the immobilized liquid membrane as neat tributyl phosphate for the continuous extraction of americium. The sequestered americium can be used as a nuclear fuel, a nuclear fuel component or a radiation source, and the remaining constituent elements in the aqueous feed solution can be stored in glassified waste forms substantially free of americium.

The invention discloses a method for extracting astragaloside and astragalus polysaccharide under assistance of steam explosion to fundamentally eliminate the influence of a compact structure of cellwalls of radix astragali on dissolution of effective ingredients of radix astragali and improve the dissolution efficiency of a radix astragali extract. The method comprises steps as follows: the radix astragali material is put in a steam explosion pot after being rehydrated, saturated steam is introduced, certain pressure is kept, and pressure relief is performed after a period of time; a raw material after steam explosion is collected and subjected to extraction with hot water, a water extraction solution is subjected to precipitation separation extraction with ethanol, astragaloside and polysaccharide are obtained, and astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside are obtained respectively after separation purification of a precipitate and a liquid supernatant. The steam explosion technology is used for treating the radix astragali, so that the material is subjected to hemicellulose decomposition, softening and partial dissolution of lignin as well as fiber structure loosening, the cell walls of radix astragali are effectively damaged, an obvious porous structure is formed, the dissolution rate of the effective ingredients is increased without damaging the structure and activity of the ingredients. Compared with conventional crushing extraction, the method has the advantages that the yields of astragaloside and astragalus polysaccharide are increased by 2.8 times and 4.5 timesrespectively, and the extraction time is shortened by at least one half.

The present invention discloses an improved pneumatic tool motor device which comprises a cylinder and a rotor. A cylinder inner cavity of an eccentric circular hole is equipped with the rotor. The rotor is divided into six slots along the radial direction. Every slot is equipped with a vane. A cylinder cover is provided with a bearing supporting the rotor to rotate. The bottom of the vane is provided with two columnar lug bosses at the end face near the slot bottom. The bottom surface of the rotor is provided with two small blind holes. One end of a spring is plugged in the small blind hole, and the other end hitches the small lug bosses. Two arc air current guide slots are symmetrically arranged at the inner wall at the lower end of the cylinder inner cavity and are respectively communicated with air holes at the corresponding side. Obturating rings are arranged at the position of neck journals at two ends of the rotor for improving the leak tightness. The improved motor device can ensure that high pressure air entering the cylinder is all used for pushing the rotor to rotate; the air enters through the lateral wall, so the gas flowing resistance is reduced, and the power of the motor device is improved greatly.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to an electrode and a preparation method thereof. The electrode comprises a current collector, a plurality of through hole layers and a plurality of active layers, the through hole layers and the active layers are arranged on the current collector, and the through hole layers are arranged between the current collector and the active layers or between any adjacent active layers. The electrode is composed of a plurality of active layers and through hole layers, each through hole layer is composed of a net structure of a high polymer, the high polymer is dissolved in electrolyte when the electrode is used, namely a pore structure with controllable pore size and distribution is formed, so that each active layer can be in contact with more electrolyte, and the problems that electrolyte infiltration of a thick electrode is difficult and ion transmission is slow are solved. Besides, the morphology of the through hole layer is controllable, compared with a traditional porous electrode, the tortuosity of pores is lower, ion conduction is faster, the ion conductivity of the pole piece is improved, and then the energy, the power density and the rate capability of a battery cell are guaranteed.

A monoflange valve including a valve body having an inlet, an outlet, and an internal bore, and a valve assembly having a valve member disposed in the internal bore for cooperating with a valve seat to open or close a flow path through the valve body. The valve seat may be disposed in the internal bore at a central region of the monoflange body proximal the inlet for enhancing fluid flow through the monoflange body. One or more valve assemblies may be provided, each having a corresponding valve seat that may be located at the central region proximal the inlet passage. One or more projections may extend radially outwardly from the valve body, and the valve assemblies may have a sealing member welded to the corresponding projection at a location spaced radially outwardly from the valve body for facilitating welding and/or inspection of the weldment.

The invention discloses an ecological water permeable brick applied to a sponge city and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing titanium dioxide by taking titanium-containing blast furnace slag as a raw material; (2) preparing an ecological water permeable brick photocatalytic layer by taking cement, aeolian sand, diatomite, nano titanium dioxide and the like as raw materials; (3) respectively preparing a first water permeable layer and a second water permeable layer of the ecological water permeable brick by taking aeolian sand, combustible fuel, diatomite, a 4% carboxymethyl cellulose solution and the like as raw materials; (4) carrying out compression molding on the first water permeable layer and the second water permeable layer in a mold at a certain pressure from top to bottom, and calcining to obtain a water permeable brick matrix; and (5) covering the surface of the first water permeable layer of the ecological water permeable brick with the photocatalytic layer, performing compression molding under a certain pressure, and performing maintenance to obtain the ecological water permeable brick. Self-made titanium dioxide is used, so that the manufacturing cost of the ecological water permeable brick is reduced. The photocatalytic layer of the ecological water permeable brick can effectively degrade pollutants in rainwater, and the three layers have certain porosity and can effectively permeate water.

The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a core-shell structure magnetic nano template which takes polyaniline as a shell and Fe3O4 as a core with a negative electrode material, a binder, a conductive agent and a solvent water to prepare negative electrode slurry, coating the surface of a current collector with the negative electrode slurry, and drying to obtain the lithium battery negative electrode plate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a thick electrode from magnetic nano Fe3O4, directionally assembling the magnetic nano Fe3O4 on the surface of a current collector by loading a magnetic field, recycling the magnetic nano Fe3O4 in the thick electrode through microwave heating and a magnetic recycling device, and constructing a three-dimensional network channel with high conductivity in the thick electrode to effectively improve the conductivity of the electrode, shorten ion and electron migration paths and improve the conductivity of the electrode. A multi-dimensional open permeation channel is provided, the wettability of an electrolyte is enhanced, the electrode tortuosity is reduced, the gradient porosity is generated, a molecular-level channel beneficial to lithium ion transportation is formed, and high-speed conduction of lithium ions is promoted.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-sulfur batteries, and particularly relates to a universal electrode material for a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method thereof. Theuniversal electrode material is a compact and highly-ordered three-dimensional graphene solid composite material. The material is a universal electrode material, can solve the problems of shuttle effect and the like on one side of a sulfur positive electrode, and can also solve the problems of dendritic crystal growth and the like on one side of a lithium negative electrode. The universal electrode material has high conductivity and high specific surface area, can maintain a stable structure in an electrolyte, and has important significance for research of a lithium-sulfur battery. The preparation method is simple, effective and easy to operate.

An optimal perforating gun method for accurate perforation in a deviated/horizontal wellbore is disclosed. The method includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with shaped charges arranged in rows in a cluster and a total number of the shaped charges is equal to a total number of the rows. A total number of charges for each cluster in a stage is selected with the best statistical probability for a desired number of perforations in the cluster. The number of charges and the number of rows per each cluster in a stage is optimized such that there is a maximum probability of perforating into a low compression region in an upward and downward direction.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a polyolefin microporous membrane and the polyolefin microporous membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: extruding a first component polyolefin by adopting a first extruder to form a first component cast film; extruding a second component polyolefin on one surface of the first component cast film by using a second extruder toform a laminated cast film; annealing, stretching and shaping the laminated cast film to obtain a double-layer composite polyolefin microporous film, wherein one of the first component polyolefin andthe second component polyolefin is polyethylene, and the other one is polypropylene, poly-1-butene or polypentene. According to the preparation method, intermittent tape casting fitting is adopted, two layers of cast films are extruded in sequence and then subjected to subsequent treatment together, so that the prepared double-layer composite polyolefin microporous film is good in overall thickness consistency, the overall tortuosity of the polyolefin microporous film is reduced, the resistance is smaller in the lithium ion transmission process, the transmission rate is higher, and the ion transmission capacity and the energy density of the polyolefin microporous film are improved.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of membranes and provides a carbon nanotube/nanofiber conductive composite membrane and a preparation method thereof. The conductive membrane with a meshy pore structure intertwined by one-dimensional nano materials is constructed by taking one-dimensional nanofiber nonwovens prepared by electrospinning as a support layer and CNTs cross linked on the support layer as a separation layer. The membrane pore size of the composite membrane involved can be controlled from microfiltration to ultrafiltration, and membrane morphology includes flat membranes, hollow fiber membranes, and spiral-wound membranes. The main advantages and beneficial effects of the composite membrane involved are: simple preparation steps, better permeability and mechanical strength, good hydrophilicity and electrical conductivity, and easy mass production and application.