40results about How to "Reduce tortuosity" patented technology

A method for determining a rate of change of longitudinal direction of a subterranean borehole is provided. The method includes positioning a downhole tool in a borehole, the tool including first and second surveying devices disposed thereon. The method further includes causing the surveying devices to measure a longitudinal direction of the borehole at first and second longitudinal positions and processing the longitudinal directions of the borehole at the first and second positions to determine the rate of change of longitudinal direction of the borehole between the first and second positions. The method may further include processing the measured rate of change of longitudinal direction of the borehole and a predetermined rate of change of longitudinal direction to control the direction of drilling of the subterranean borehole. Exemplary embodiments of this invention tend to minimize the need for communication between a drilling operator and the bottom hole assembly, thereby advantageously preserving downhole communication bandwidth.

An externally-oriented internally-corrected perforating gun system and method for accurate perforation in a deviated wellbore is disclosed. The system / method includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with an external protuberance member (EPM) and an internal pivot support (IPS). With the EPM oriented to the high side of the wellbore, the center of mass of the GSA positions the GSA at the lower side of the wellbore surface. The IPS is attached to internal gun components such end plate, charge holder tube, detonating cord or charge case. The charges inside the charge holder tube move with the gravitational vector about the IPS and point more accurately in the desired direction for perforating. The external orientation of the EPM along with limited internal swing about the IPS provide for an accurate orientation of the charges that results in efficient and effective perforating through a hydrocarbon formation.

A bottom hole assembly configured for a subterranean drilling operation having a drill bit; a downhole tool deployed above the drill bit, at least a portion of the downhole tool free to rotate with respect to the drill bit about a longitudinal axis of the bottom hole assembly a sensor sub deployed axially between the drill bit and the downhole tool, the sensor sub configured to rotate with the drill bit about the longitudinal axis of the bottom hole assembly and free to rotate with respect to the downhole tool about the longitudinal axis and a tri-axial magnetic field sensor deployed in the sensor sub.

An oxygen electrode is created by forming a nanoscopic coating or nanoscopic deposits of mixed metal oxides as catalysts on a pre-formed, highly porous binder-free carbon structure. The highly porous carbon structure performs a role in the synthesis of the mixed oxide catalyst deposits as well as in providing a three-dimensional, electronically conductive support for the mixed metal oxide catalyst with a large surface area and desirable pore structure. The metal oxide mixture shall include two or more metal species. The multifunctional oxygen electrode materials, a process for producing the same and a metal oxygen battery using said oxygen electrode materials are disclosed.

A downhole closed loop method for controlling a drilling toolface includes measuring first and second attitudes of the subterranean borehole at corresponding first and second upper and lower survey stations. The first and second attitudes are processed downhole while drilling to compute an angle change of the subterranean borehole between the upper and lower survey stations. The computed angle change is compared with a predetermined threshold. This process may be continuously repeated while the angle change is less than the threshold. The first and second attitudes are further processed downhole to compute a toolface angle when the angle change of the subterranean borehole is greater than or equal to the threshold. The toolface angle may then be further processed to control a direction of drilling of the subterranean borehole.

The invention discloses a forward osmosis membrane based on interface hydrophilic modification. The forward osmosis membrane comprises a separation peel layer arranged on the surface, a porous support layer arranged in the middle and a non-woven fabric support material arranged at the lower part. The forward osmosis membrane is characterized in that a hydrophilic polymer layer is also arranged between the porous support layer and the non-woven fabric support material, and is embedded into the non-woven fabric support material; the non-woven fabric support material is made of polyolefin or polyester. The hydrophilic polymer can also be interlinked through a crosslinking agent. The forward osmosis membrane has the advantages that through the hydrophilic modification, on the one hand, the permeation resistance of water in a permeation process is reduced, and the water flux is improved, and on the other hand, in a phase inversion process, the water can easily permeate, so that an instant phase inversion can be more easily generated; a large pore structure is formed; the porosity is improved; the sinuosity of pores is reduced, so that the inner concentration polarization can be obviously reduced; the water flux of the membrane is improved.

Disclosed herein are novel or improved microporous battery separator membranes, separators, batteries including such separators, methods of making such membranes, separators, and / or batteries, and / or methods of using such membranes, separators and / or batteries. Further disclosed are laminated multilayer polyolefin membranes with exterior layers comprising one or more polyethylenes, which exterior layers are designed to provide an exterior surface that has a low pin removal force. Further disclosed are battery separator membranes having increased electrolyte absorption capacity at the separator / electrode interface region, which may improve cycling. Further disclosed are battery separator membranes having improved adhesion to any number of coatings. Also described are battery separator membranes having a tunable thermal shutdown where the onset temperature of thermal shutdown may be raised or lowered and the rate of thermal shutdown may be changed or increased. Also disclosed are multilayer battery separator membranes having enhanced web handling performance during manufacturing processes and coating operations.

A battery separator has performance enhancing additives or coatings, fillers with increased friability, increased ionic diffusion, decreased tortuosity, increased wettability, reduced oil content, reduced thickness, decreased electrical resistance, and / or increased porosity. The separator in a battery reduces the water loss, lowers acid stratification, lowers the voltage drop, and / or increases the CCA. The separators include or exhibit performance enhancing additives or coatings, increased porosity, increased void volume, amorphous silica, higher oil absorption silica, higher silanol group silica, reduced electrical resistance, a shish-kebab structure or morphology, a polyolefin microporous membrane containing particle-like filler in an amount of 40% or more by weight of the membrane and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having shish-kebab formations and the average repetition periodicity of the kebab formation from 1 nm to 150 nm, decreased sheet thickness, decreased tortuosity, separators especially well-suited for enhanced flooded batteries.

A downhole closed loop method for controlling a curvature of a subterranean wellbore while drilling includes drilling the subterranean wellbore using a drilling tool. A set point curvature is received at a downhole controller. Sequential attitude measurements made at a single axial location on the drilling tool and a rate of penetration of drilling are processed to compute a curvature of the wellbore being drilled. The drilling direction is adjusted such that the computed curvature is substantially equal to the set point curvature.

Supported thin film membranes of ceramic materials and electrochemical cells including supported thin film membranes. The microstructure of the support is particularly well suited for the well suited for subsequent infiltration with electrochemically active species (as solutions, slurries, or salts) to enhance chemical or electrical transport to the membrane and maintains satisfactory gas flow to the membrane after infiltration. This invention may be useful in electrochemical separations or catalytic reactors including, but not limited to, solid oxide fuel cells and oxygen separation membranes.

A system and method for the extraction of americium from radioactive waste solutions. The method includes the transfer of highly oxidized americium from an acidic aqueous feed solution through an immobilized liquid membrane to an organic receiving solvent, for example tributyl phosphate. The immobilized liquid membrane includes porous support and separating layers loaded with tributyl phosphate. The extracted solution is subsequently stripped of americium and recycled at the immobilized liquid membrane as neat tributyl phosphate for the continuous extraction of americium. The sequestered americium can be used as a nuclear fuel, a nuclear fuel component or a radiation source, and the remaining constituent elements in the aqueous feed solution can be stored in glassified waste forms substantially free of americium.

The invention discloses a method for extracting astragaloside and astragalus polysaccharide under assistance of steam explosion to fundamentally eliminate the influence of a compact structure of cellwalls of radix astragali on dissolution of effective ingredients of radix astragali and improve the dissolution efficiency of a radix astragali extract. The method comprises steps as follows: the radix astragali material is put in a steam explosion pot after being rehydrated, saturated steam is introduced, certain pressure is kept, and pressure relief is performed after a period of time; a raw material after steam explosion is collected and subjected to extraction with hot water, a water extraction solution is subjected to precipitation separation extraction with ethanol, astragaloside and polysaccharide are obtained, and astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside are obtained respectively after separation purification of a precipitate and a liquid supernatant. The steam explosion technology is used for treating the radix astragali, so that the material is subjected to hemicellulose decomposition, softening and partial dissolution of lignin as well as fiber structure loosening, the cell walls of radix astragali are effectively damaged, an obvious porous structure is formed, the dissolution rate of the effective ingredients is increased without damaging the structure and activity of the ingredients. Compared with conventional crushing extraction, the method has the advantages that the yields of astragaloside and astragalus polysaccharide are increased by 2.8 times and 4.5 timesrespectively, and the extraction time is shortened by at least one half.

The present invention discloses an improved pneumatic tool motor device which comprises a cylinder and a rotor. A cylinder inner cavity of an eccentric circular hole is equipped with the rotor. The rotor is divided into six slots along the radial direction. Every slot is equipped with a vane. A cylinder cover is provided with a bearing supporting the rotor to rotate. The bottom of the vane is provided with two columnar lug bosses at the end face near the slot bottom. The bottom surface of the rotor is provided with two small blind holes. One end of a spring is plugged in the small blind hole, and the other end hitches the small lug bosses. Two arc air current guide slots are symmetrically arranged at the inner wall at the lower end of the cylinder inner cavity and are respectively communicated with air holes at the corresponding side. Obturating rings are arranged at the position of neck journals at two ends of the rotor for improving the leak tightness. The improved motor device can ensure that high pressure air entering the cylinder is all used for pushing the rotor to rotate; the air enters through the lateral wall, so the gas flowing resistance is reduced, and the power of the motor device is improved greatly.

A downhole closed loop method for controlling a drilling toolface includes measuring first and second attitudes of the subterranean borehole at corresponding first and second upper and lower survey stations. The first and second attitudes are processed downhole while drilling to compute an angle change of the subterranean borehole between the upper and lower survey stations. The computed angle change is compared with a predetermined threshold. This process may be continuously repeated while the angle change is less than the threshold. The first and second attitudes are further processed downhole to compute a toolface angle when the angle change of the subterranean borehole is greater than or equal to the threshold. The toolface angle may then be further processed to control a direction of drilling of the subterranean borehole.

An optimal phasing perforating phased gun system and method for accurate perforation in a deviated / horizontal wellbore is disclosed. The system / method includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with shaped charges in clusters. Within a cluster, the charges are separated into individual banks with a phase angle between the charges in each bank and an offset angle between banks. The number of charges per cluster, the phase angle and the offset angle are optimized such that there is a maximum probability of perforating into a low compression region in an upward and downward direction.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hollow fiber double phase composite ceramic oxygen permeable membrane and belongs to the technical field of ceramic oxygen permeable membranes. The double phase composite ceramic oxygen permeable membrane is prepared by taking cobalt and chromium-free perovskite as an electronic conducting phase and doped samarium oxide and cerous nitrate as an oxygen ion conducting phase. The hollow fiber double phase composite ceramic oxygen permeable membrane prepared through a phase conversion method is fibrous in shape, has self-supporting action, and hasa selective permeability characteristic. The filling density of the hollow fiber double phase composite ceramic oxygen permeable membrane is greater than that of a conventional ceramic permeable membrane. Compared with the conventional ceramic permeable membrane, the effective area of the ceramic permeable membrane in a same volume is increased greatly. The hollow fiber double phase composite ceramic oxygen permeable membrane can permeate oxygen in different directions: inward or outward according to the equipment demand and the final product demand, so that compared with other oxygen permeable membranes, the hollow fiber double phase composite ceramic oxygen permeable membrane is relatively good in application flexibility.

A system and method for the extraction of americium from radioactive waste solutions. The method includes the transfer of highly oxidized americium from an acidic aqueous feed solution through an immobilized liquid membrane to an organic receiving solvent, for example tributyl phosphate. The immobilized liquid membrane includes porous support and separating layers loaded with tributyl phosphate. The extracted solution is subsequently stripped of americium and recycled at the immobilized liquid membrane as neat tributyl phosphate for the continuous extraction of americium. The sequestered americium can be used as a nuclear fuel, a nuclear fuel component or a radiation source, and the remaining constituent elements in the aqueous feed solution can be stored in glassified waste forms substantially free of americium.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to an electrode and a preparation method thereof. The electrode comprises a current collector, a plurality of through hole layers and a plurality of active layers, the through hole layers and the active layers are arranged on the current collector, and the through hole layers are arranged between the current collector and the active layers or between any adjacent active layers. The electrode is composed of a plurality of active layers and through hole layers, each through hole layer is composed of a net structure of a high polymer, the high polymer is dissolved in electrolyte when the electrode is used, namely a pore structure with controllable pore size and distribution is formed, so that each active layer can be in contact with more electrolyte, and the problems that electrolyte infiltration of a thick electrode is difficult and ion transmission is slow are solved. Besides, the morphology of the through hole layer is controllable, compared with a traditional porous electrode, the tortuosity of pores is lower, ion conduction is faster, the ion conductivity of the pole piece is improved, and then the energy, the power density and the rate capability of a battery cell are guaranteed.

A monoflange valve including a valve body having an inlet, an outlet, and an internal bore, and a valve assembly having a valve member disposed in the internal bore for cooperating with a valve seat to open or close a flow path through the valve body. The valve seat may be disposed in the internal bore at a central region of the monoflange body proximal the inlet for enhancing fluid flow through the monoflange body. One or more valve assemblies may be provided, each having a corresponding valve seat that may be located at the central region proximal the inlet passage. One or more projections may extend radially outwardly from the valve body, and the valve assemblies may have a sealing member welded to the corresponding projection at a location spaced radially outwardly from the valve body for facilitating welding and / or inspection of the weldment.

The invention discloses an ecological water permeable brick applied to a sponge city and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing titanium dioxide by taking titanium-containing blast furnace slag as a raw material; (2) preparing an ecological water permeable brick photocatalytic layer by taking cement, aeolian sand, diatomite, nano titanium dioxide and the like as raw materials; (3) respectively preparing a first water permeable layer and a second water permeable layer of the ecological water permeable brick by taking aeolian sand, combustible fuel, diatomite, a 4% carboxymethyl cellulose solution and the like as raw materials; (4) carrying out compression molding on the first water permeable layer and the second water permeable layer in a mold at a certain pressure from top to bottom, and calcining to obtain a water permeable brick matrix; and (5) covering the surface of the first water permeable layer of the ecological water permeable brick with the photocatalytic layer, performing compression molding under a certain pressure, and performing maintenance to obtain the ecological water permeable brick. Self-made titanium dioxide is used, so that the manufacturing cost of the ecological water permeable brick is reduced. The photocatalytic layer of the ecological water permeable brick can effectively degrade pollutants in rainwater, and the three layers have certain porosity and can effectively permeate water.

A bottom hole assembly configured for a subterranean drilling operation having a drill bit; a downhole tool deployed above the drill bit, at least a portion of the downhole tool free to rotate with respect to the drill bit about a longitudinal axis of the bottom hole assembly a sensor sub deployed axially between the drill bit and the downhole tool, the sensor sub configured to rotate with the drill bit about the longitudinal axis of the bottom hole assembly and free to rotate with respect to the downhole tool about the longitudinal axis and a tri-axial magnetic field sensor deployed in the sensor sub.

The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a core-shell structure magnetic nano template which takes polyaniline as a shell and Fe3O4 as a core with a negative electrode material, a binder, a conductive agent and a solvent water to prepare negative electrode slurry, coating the surface of a current collector with the negative electrode slurry, and drying to obtain the lithium battery negative electrode plate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a thick electrode from magnetic nano Fe3O4, directionally assembling the magnetic nano Fe3O4 on the surface of a current collector by loading a magnetic field, recycling the magnetic nano Fe3O4 in the thick electrode through microwave heating and a magnetic recycling device, and constructing a three-dimensional network channel with high conductivity in the thick electrode to effectively improve the conductivity of the electrode, shorten ion and electron migration paths and improve the conductivity of the electrode. A multi-dimensional open permeation channel is provided, the wettability of an electrolyte is enhanced, the electrode tortuosity is reduced, the gradient porosity is generated, a molecular-level channel beneficial to lithium ion transportation is formed, and high-speed conduction of lithium ions is promoted.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-sulfur batteries, and particularly relates to a universal electrode material for a lithium-sulfur battery and a preparation method thereof. Theuniversal electrode material is a compact and highly-ordered three-dimensional graphene solid composite material. The material is a universal electrode material, can solve the problems of shuttle effect and the like on one side of a sulfur positive electrode, and can also solve the problems of dendritic crystal growth and the like on one side of a lithium negative electrode. The universal electrode material has high conductivity and high specific surface area, can maintain a stable structure in an electrolyte, and has important significance for research of a lithium-sulfur battery. The preparation method is simple, effective and easy to operate.

An optimal perforating gun method for accurate perforation in a deviated / horizontal wellbore is disclosed. The method includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with shaped charges arranged in rows in a cluster and a total number of the shaped charges is equal to a total number of the rows. A total number of charges for each cluster in a stage is selected with the best statistical probability for a desired number of perforations in the cluster. The number of charges and the number of rows per each cluster in a stage is optimized such that there is a maximum probability of perforating into a low compression region in an upward and downward direction.

Novel or improved microporous battery separator membranes, separators, cells, batteries including such membranes, separators, or cells, and / or methods of making such membranes and / or separators, and / or methods of using such membranes and / or separators. In accordance with at least certain embodiments, an improved or novel battery separator for a secondary or rechargeable lithium battery may have low Electrical resistance of less than 0.95 ohm-cm2, or in some cases, less than 0.8 ohm-cm2. Furthermore, the inventive battery separator membrane may provide a means to achieve an improved level of battery performance in a rechargeable or secondary lithium battery based on a possibly synergistic combination of low Electrical resistance, low Gurley, low tortuosity, and / or a unique trapezoid shaped pore. In accordance with at least certain multilayer embodiments (by way of example only, a trilayer membrane made of two polypropylene layers with a polyethylene layer in between), the inventive microporous membrane or battery separator may have excellent onset and rate of thermal shutdown performance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a polyolefin microporous membrane and the polyolefin microporous membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: extruding a first component polyolefin by adopting a first extruder to form a first component cast film; extruding a second component polyolefin on one surface of the first component cast film by using a second extruder toform a laminated cast film; annealing, stretching and shaping the laminated cast film to obtain a double-layer composite polyolefin microporous film, wherein one of the first component polyolefin andthe second component polyolefin is polyethylene, and the other one is polypropylene, poly-1-butene or polypentene. According to the preparation method, intermittent tape casting fitting is adopted, two layers of cast films are extruded in sequence and then subjected to subsequent treatment together, so that the prepared double-layer composite polyolefin microporous film is good in overall thickness consistency, the overall tortuosity of the polyolefin microporous film is reduced, the resistance is smaller in the lithium ion transmission process, the transmission rate is higher, and the ion transmission capacity and the energy density of the polyolefin microporous film are improved.