The invention discloses a method for controlling droplet impact shape, contact time and controllable splitting of droplet, comprising the following steps: step 1, template design; step 2, template fabrication; step 3, template surface treatment; step 4, liquid Droplet impact; step five, observation and analysis of impact morphology and dynamics. By changing the shape, size, number, position of obstacles on the template, and the impact position of the droplet, various impact dynamics can be obtained, and the boundary between spreading and retraction can be broken, so that the spreading and Retraction coexists, and by controlling the impact dynamics of different forms, the goals of reducing contact time, variable and controllable single droplet impact forms, and controllable splitting during droplet impact are achieved. The method is simple to operate, low in cost and good in effect, and can be applied to fields such as self-cleaning, printing, open microfluidics, food and drug subpackaging and transmission.