The invention discloses a lamp post system based on a groove mounting structure. The system involves a lamp post main body, more than one mounting base and more than one functional part, wherein the lamp post main body is provided with a mounting groove extending in the length direction, the mounting base is provided with a connecting part arranged in the mounting groove, the mounting base is connected with a positioning mechanism used for fixing the connecting part in the mounting groove, and at least one functional part is arranged on at least one mounting base. The system has the advantagesof being simple and compact in structure, low in cost, easy and convenient to assemble, high in mounting flexibility, convenient to adjust, good in aesthetic property, good in connection stability and reliability and the like.