The invention discloses a comprehensive processing alkaline residue of diesel oil by circulation technology, which solves conventional process's shortcomings of low raw material utilization, high cost, and provides a highly efficient energy saving process. The process includes steps of: water-bathing with temperature controlled in 50-100 DEG C, demulsifying with highly effective polymerized demulsifying agent for alkaline residue, mirabilite, vitriol assisted by thermal method, demulsifying agent and mirabilite has a weight of 0.003%-0.03% and 10%-80% of alkaline residue respectively, standing for 5-6 hours for stratification to separate alkali waste water and diesel oil, adding vitriol to alkali waste water for acidizing, controlling temperature between 50 DEG C and 80 DEG C, and pH value between 4-6, standing for 1 and 8 hours to recycle phenol, acidizing to reach pH value of 2-4, standing for 1-8 hours to recycle naphthenic acid, obtaining mirabilite from waste alkali water after condensing and cooling to 10-30 DEG C for crystallization, which is recycling used, adding 1-5ppm polyacrylamide into waste alkali water after crystallization, and adding NaOH to prepare alkaline wash liquor to be cycled in alkaline wash process of diesel.