The invention discloses embedded type teaching programming device and method for a welding robot. The device comprises a core board and an interface board, wherein the core board consists of a central processing unit, an ex-patulous memorizer and a clock power fail protection circuit; the interface board consists of an Ethernet interface, an RS-485 serial bus interface, an RS-232 interface, a USB interface, a liquid crystal display interface, a touch screen interface, a matrix keyboard interface, a JTAG interface, a power supply, a reset circuit and a safety control circuit; and a robot teaching module, a file editing module, a file management module, a user management module, a communication module and an auxiliary functional module are provided in the method. The invention has the advantages of high integrated level, strong antijamming capability, favorable human-machine interaction, convenient expansion and the like, can configure the two communication modes of an RS-485 bus and the Ethernet, and can meet the requirement for teaching programming of the welding robot.